Poloxamer 188 Exerts Direct Protective Effects on Mouse Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells in an In Vitro Traumatic Brain Injury Model
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), the main contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide, can disrupt the cell membrane integrity of the vascular endothelial system, endangering blood–brain barrier function and threatening cellular subsistence. Protection of the vascular endothelial system might enha...
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2021-08-01
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Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/8/1043 |
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doaj-bf2679e4fb14469ab7c0cd73d3d730cc2021-08-26T13:33:17ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592021-08-0191043104310.3390/biomedicines9081043Poloxamer 188 Exerts Direct Protective Effects on Mouse Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells in an In Vitro Traumatic Brain Injury ModelFelicia P. Lotze0Matthias L. Riess1Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USATraumatic Brain Injury (TBI), the main contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide, can disrupt the cell membrane integrity of the vascular endothelial system, endangering blood–brain barrier function and threatening cellular subsistence. Protection of the vascular endothelial system might enhance clinical outcomes after TBI. Poloxamer 188 (P188) has been shown to improve neuronal function after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury as well as after TBI. We aimed to establish an in vitro compression-type TBI model, comparing mild-to-moderate and severe injury, to observe the direct effects of P188 on Mouse Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (MBEC). Confluent MBEC were exposed to normoxic or hypoxic conditions for either 5 or 15 h (hours). 1 h compression was added, and P188 was administered during 2 h reoxygenation. A direct effect of P188 on MBEC was tested by assessing cell number/viability, cytotoxicity/membrane damage, metabolic activity, and total nitric oxide production (tNOp). While P188 enhanced cell number/viability, metabolic activity, and tNOp, an increase in cytotoxicity/membrane damage after mild-to-moderate injury was prevented. In severely injured MBEC, P188 improved metabolic activity only. P188, present during reoxygenation, influenced MBEC function directly in simulated I/R and compression-type TBI.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/8/1043copolymerhypoxia reoxygenationischemia reperfusionneuroprotectionP188stroke |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Felicia P. Lotze Matthias L. Riess |
spellingShingle |
Felicia P. Lotze Matthias L. Riess Poloxamer 188 Exerts Direct Protective Effects on Mouse Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells in an In Vitro Traumatic Brain Injury Model Biomedicines copolymer hypoxia reoxygenation ischemia reperfusion neuroprotection P188 stroke |
author_facet |
Felicia P. Lotze Matthias L. Riess |
author_sort |
Felicia P. Lotze |
title |
Poloxamer 188 Exerts Direct Protective Effects on Mouse Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells in an In Vitro Traumatic Brain Injury Model |
title_short |
Poloxamer 188 Exerts Direct Protective Effects on Mouse Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells in an In Vitro Traumatic Brain Injury Model |
title_full |
Poloxamer 188 Exerts Direct Protective Effects on Mouse Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells in an In Vitro Traumatic Brain Injury Model |
title_fullStr |
Poloxamer 188 Exerts Direct Protective Effects on Mouse Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells in an In Vitro Traumatic Brain Injury Model |
title_full_unstemmed |
Poloxamer 188 Exerts Direct Protective Effects on Mouse Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells in an In Vitro Traumatic Brain Injury Model |
title_sort |
poloxamer 188 exerts direct protective effects on mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells in an in vitro traumatic brain injury model |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Biomedicines |
issn |
2227-9059 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), the main contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide, can disrupt the cell membrane integrity of the vascular endothelial system, endangering blood–brain barrier function and threatening cellular subsistence. Protection of the vascular endothelial system might enhance clinical outcomes after TBI. Poloxamer 188 (P188) has been shown to improve neuronal function after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury as well as after TBI. We aimed to establish an in vitro compression-type TBI model, comparing mild-to-moderate and severe injury, to observe the direct effects of P188 on Mouse Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (MBEC). Confluent MBEC were exposed to normoxic or hypoxic conditions for either 5 or 15 h (hours). 1 h compression was added, and P188 was administered during 2 h reoxygenation. A direct effect of P188 on MBEC was tested by assessing cell number/viability, cytotoxicity/membrane damage, metabolic activity, and total nitric oxide production (tNOp). While P188 enhanced cell number/viability, metabolic activity, and tNOp, an increase in cytotoxicity/membrane damage after mild-to-moderate injury was prevented. In severely injured MBEC, P188 improved metabolic activity only. P188, present during reoxygenation, influenced MBEC function directly in simulated I/R and compression-type TBI. |
topic |
copolymer hypoxia reoxygenation ischemia reperfusion neuroprotection P188 stroke |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/8/1043 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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