Genomic Analyses of Bacterial Porin-Cytochrome Gene Clusters
The porin-cytochrome (Pcc) protein complex is responsible for trans-outer membrane electron transfer during extracellular reduction of Fe(III) by the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA. The identified and characterized Pcc complex of G. sulfurreducens PCA consists of...
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doaj-bf5b6e94be204404a2bd7ec764a722f92020-11-24T21:05:56ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2014-11-01510.3389/fmicb.2014.00657124124Genomic Analyses of Bacterial Porin-Cytochrome Gene ClustersLiang eShi0Jim K Fredrickson1John M Zachara2Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryPacific Northwest National LaboratoryPacific Northwest National LaboratoryThe porin-cytochrome (Pcc) protein complex is responsible for trans-outer membrane electron transfer during extracellular reduction of Fe(III) by the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA. The identified and characterized Pcc complex of G. sulfurreducens PCA consists of a porin-like outer-membrane protein, a periplasmic 8-heme c-type cytochrome (c-Cyt) and an outer-membrane 12-heme c-Cyt, and the genes encoding the Pcc proteins are clustered in the same regions of genome (i.e., the pcc gene clusters) of G. sulfurreducens PCA. A survey of additionally microbial genomes has identified the pcc gene clusters in all sequenced Geobacter spp. and other bacteria from six different phyla, including Anaeromyxobacter dehalogenans 2CP-1, A. dehalogenans 2CP-C, Anaeromyxobacter sp. K, Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis, Denitrovibrio acetiphilus DSM 12809, Desulfurispirillum indicum S5, Desulfurivibrio alkaliphilus AHT2, Desulfurobacterium thermolithotrophum DSM 11699, Desulfuromonas acetoxidans DSM 684, Ignavibacterium album JCM 16511, and Thermovibrio ammonificans HB-1. The numbers of genes in the pcc gene clusters vary, ranging from two to nine. Similar to the metal-reducing (Mtr) gene clusters of other Fe(III)-reducing bacteria, such as Shewanella spp., additional genes that encode putative c-Cyts with predicted cellular localizations at the cytoplasmic membrane, periplasm and outer membrane often associate with the pcc gene clusters. This suggests that the Pcc-associated c-Cyts may be part of the pathways for extracellular electron transfer reactions. The presence of pcc gene clusters in the microorganisms that do not reduce solid-phase Fe(III) and Mn(IV) oxides, such as D. alkaliphilus AHT2 and I. album JCM 16511, also suggests that some of the pcc gene clusters may be involved in extracellular electron transfer reactions with the substrates other than Fe(III) and Mn(IV) oxides.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00657/fullmetal reductionouter membranec-type cytochromes with multiple hemesextracellular electron transferporin-cytochrome protein complex |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Liang eShi Jim K Fredrickson John M Zachara |
spellingShingle |
Liang eShi Jim K Fredrickson John M Zachara Genomic Analyses of Bacterial Porin-Cytochrome Gene Clusters Frontiers in Microbiology metal reduction outer membrane c-type cytochromes with multiple hemes extracellular electron transfer porin-cytochrome protein complex |
author_facet |
Liang eShi Jim K Fredrickson John M Zachara |
author_sort |
Liang eShi |
title |
Genomic Analyses of Bacterial Porin-Cytochrome Gene Clusters |
title_short |
Genomic Analyses of Bacterial Porin-Cytochrome Gene Clusters |
title_full |
Genomic Analyses of Bacterial Porin-Cytochrome Gene Clusters |
title_fullStr |
Genomic Analyses of Bacterial Porin-Cytochrome Gene Clusters |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genomic Analyses of Bacterial Porin-Cytochrome Gene Clusters |
title_sort |
genomic analyses of bacterial porin-cytochrome gene clusters |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
issn |
1664-302X |
publishDate |
2014-11-01 |
description |
The porin-cytochrome (Pcc) protein complex is responsible for trans-outer membrane electron transfer during extracellular reduction of Fe(III) by the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA. The identified and characterized Pcc complex of G. sulfurreducens PCA consists of a porin-like outer-membrane protein, a periplasmic 8-heme c-type cytochrome (c-Cyt) and an outer-membrane 12-heme c-Cyt, and the genes encoding the Pcc proteins are clustered in the same regions of genome (i.e., the pcc gene clusters) of G. sulfurreducens PCA. A survey of additionally microbial genomes has identified the pcc gene clusters in all sequenced Geobacter spp. and other bacteria from six different phyla, including Anaeromyxobacter dehalogenans 2CP-1, A. dehalogenans 2CP-C, Anaeromyxobacter sp. K, Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis, Denitrovibrio acetiphilus DSM 12809, Desulfurispirillum indicum S5, Desulfurivibrio alkaliphilus AHT2, Desulfurobacterium thermolithotrophum DSM 11699, Desulfuromonas acetoxidans DSM 684, Ignavibacterium album JCM 16511, and Thermovibrio ammonificans HB-1. The numbers of genes in the pcc gene clusters vary, ranging from two to nine. Similar to the metal-reducing (Mtr) gene clusters of other Fe(III)-reducing bacteria, such as Shewanella spp., additional genes that encode putative c-Cyts with predicted cellular localizations at the cytoplasmic membrane, periplasm and outer membrane often associate with the pcc gene clusters. This suggests that the Pcc-associated c-Cyts may be part of the pathways for extracellular electron transfer reactions. The presence of pcc gene clusters in the microorganisms that do not reduce solid-phase Fe(III) and Mn(IV) oxides, such as D. alkaliphilus AHT2 and I. album JCM 16511, also suggests that some of the pcc gene clusters may be involved in extracellular electron transfer reactions with the substrates other than Fe(III) and Mn(IV) oxides. |
topic |
metal reduction outer membrane c-type cytochromes with multiple hemes extracellular electron transfer porin-cytochrome protein complex |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00657/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT liangeshi genomicanalysesofbacterialporincytochromegeneclusters AT jimkfredrickson genomicanalysesofbacterialporincytochromegeneclusters AT johnmzachara genomicanalysesofbacterialporincytochromegeneclusters |
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