<i>Aedes</i> Mosquito Distribution along a Transect from Rural to Urban Settings in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Introduction: The surveillance of mosquito vectors is important for the control of arboviruses diseases worldwide. Detailed information on the bionomics and distribution of their main vectors, <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus,</i> is essential for assessing diseas...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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Series: | Insects |
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Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/9/819 |
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Article |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Borel Djiappi-Tchamen Mariette Stella Nana-Ndjangwo Timoléon Tchuinkam Idene Makoudjou Elysée Nchoutpouen Edmond Kopya Abdou Talipouo Roland Bamou Marie Paul Audrey Mayi Parfait Awono-Ambene Charles Wondji Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio |
spellingShingle |
Borel Djiappi-Tchamen Mariette Stella Nana-Ndjangwo Timoléon Tchuinkam Idene Makoudjou Elysée Nchoutpouen Edmond Kopya Abdou Talipouo Roland Bamou Marie Paul Audrey Mayi Parfait Awono-Ambene Charles Wondji Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio <i>Aedes</i> Mosquito Distribution along a Transect from Rural to Urban Settings in Yaoundé, Cameroon Insects <i>Aedes albopictus</i> <i>Aedes aegypti</i> rural peri-urban urban breeding site |
author_facet |
Borel Djiappi-Tchamen Mariette Stella Nana-Ndjangwo Timoléon Tchuinkam Idene Makoudjou Elysée Nchoutpouen Edmond Kopya Abdou Talipouo Roland Bamou Marie Paul Audrey Mayi Parfait Awono-Ambene Charles Wondji Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio |
author_sort |
Borel Djiappi-Tchamen |
title |
<i>Aedes</i> Mosquito Distribution along a Transect from Rural to Urban Settings in Yaoundé, Cameroon |
title_short |
<i>Aedes</i> Mosquito Distribution along a Transect from Rural to Urban Settings in Yaoundé, Cameroon |
title_full |
<i>Aedes</i> Mosquito Distribution along a Transect from Rural to Urban Settings in Yaoundé, Cameroon |
title_fullStr |
<i>Aedes</i> Mosquito Distribution along a Transect from Rural to Urban Settings in Yaoundé, Cameroon |
title_full_unstemmed |
<i>Aedes</i> Mosquito Distribution along a Transect from Rural to Urban Settings in Yaoundé, Cameroon |
title_sort |
<i>aedes</i> mosquito distribution along a transect from rural to urban settings in yaoundé, cameroon |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Insects |
issn |
2075-4450 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
Introduction: The surveillance of mosquito vectors is important for the control of arboviruses diseases worldwide. Detailed information on the bionomics and distribution of their main vectors, <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus,</i> is essential for assessing disease transmission risk and for better planning of control interventions. Methods: Entomological surveys were carried out from November 2019 to November 2020 in six localities of Yaoundé city following a transect from urban to rural settings: two urban (Obili, Mvan), two peri-urban (Simbock, Ahala) and two rural areas (Lendom, Elig-essomballa)—during rainy and dry seasons. All water containers were inspected. <i>Aedes</i> mosquito abundance, species distribution and seasonal distribution patterns were compared using generalized linear models. Stegomyia indexes were estimated to determine the risk of arbovirus transmission. Results: A total of 6332 mosquitoes larvae were collected (2342 in urban areas, 1694 in peri-urban areas and 2296 in rural sites). <i>Aedes</i> species recorded included <i>Ae. albopictus</i>, <i>Ae. aegytpi</i>, <i>Ae. simpsoni and Aedes</i> spp. High mosquito abundance was registered in the rainy season (4706) compared to the dry season (1626) (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). <i>Ae. albopictus</i> was the most abundant <i>Aedes</i> species in urban (96.89%) and peri-urban (95.09%) sites whereas <i>Ae. aegypti</i> was more prevalent in rural sites (68.56%) (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Both species were found together in 71 larval habitats. <i>Ae. albopictus</i> was mostly found in discarded tires (42.51%), whereas <i>Ae. aegypti</i> was more prevalent in plastic containers used for storing water (65.87%). The majority of <i>Aedes</i> mosquitoes’ breeding places were situated close to human dwellings (0–10 m). Conclusion: Uncontrolled urbanization seems to greatly favour the presence of <i>Aedes</i> mosquito species around human dwellings in Yaoundé. Controlling <i>Aedes</i> mosquito distribution is becoming urgent to reduce the risk of arbovirus outbreaks in the city of Yaoundé. |
topic |
<i>Aedes albopictus</i> <i>Aedes aegypti</i> rural peri-urban urban breeding site |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/9/819 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT boreldjiappitchamen iaedesimosquitodistributionalongatransectfromruraltourbansettingsinyaoundecameroon AT mariettestellananandjangwo iaedesimosquitodistributionalongatransectfromruraltourbansettingsinyaoundecameroon AT timoleontchuinkam iaedesimosquitodistributionalongatransectfromruraltourbansettingsinyaoundecameroon AT idenemakoudjou iaedesimosquitodistributionalongatransectfromruraltourbansettingsinyaoundecameroon AT elyseenchoutpouen iaedesimosquitodistributionalongatransectfromruraltourbansettingsinyaoundecameroon AT edmondkopya iaedesimosquitodistributionalongatransectfromruraltourbansettingsinyaoundecameroon AT abdoutalipouo iaedesimosquitodistributionalongatransectfromruraltourbansettingsinyaoundecameroon AT rolandbamou iaedesimosquitodistributionalongatransectfromruraltourbansettingsinyaoundecameroon AT mariepaulaudreymayi iaedesimosquitodistributionalongatransectfromruraltourbansettingsinyaoundecameroon AT parfaitawonoambene iaedesimosquitodistributionalongatransectfromruraltourbansettingsinyaoundecameroon AT charleswondji iaedesimosquitodistributionalongatransectfromruraltourbansettingsinyaoundecameroon AT christopheantonionkondjio iaedesimosquitodistributionalongatransectfromruraltourbansettingsinyaoundecameroon |
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doaj-bfa51a0f0744466593f29785ba4265fb2021-09-26T00:27:02ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502021-09-011281981910.3390/insects12090819<i>Aedes</i> Mosquito Distribution along a Transect from Rural to Urban Settings in Yaoundé, CameroonBorel Djiappi-Tchamen0Mariette Stella Nana-Ndjangwo1Timoléon Tchuinkam2Idene Makoudjou3Elysée Nchoutpouen4Edmond Kopya5Abdou Talipouo6Roland Bamou7Marie Paul Audrey Mayi8Parfait Awono-Ambene9Charles Wondji10Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio11Vector Borne Diseases Laboratory of the Research Unit Biology and Applied Ecology (VBID-RUBAE), Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 067, CameroonInstitut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la Lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé P.O. Box 288, CameroonVector Borne Diseases Laboratory of the Research Unit Biology and Applied Ecology (VBID-RUBAE), Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 067, CameroonInstitut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la Lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé P.O. Box 288, CameroonCentre for Research in Infectious Disease (CRID), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13591, CameroonInstitut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la Lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé P.O. Box 288, CameroonInstitut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la Lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé P.O. Box 288, CameroonVector Borne Diseases Laboratory of the Research Unit Biology and Applied Ecology (VBID-RUBAE), Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 067, CameroonVector Borne Diseases Laboratory of the Research Unit Biology and Applied Ecology (VBID-RUBAE), Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 067, CameroonInstitut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la Lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé P.O. Box 288, CameroonCentre for Research in Infectious Disease (CRID), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13591, CameroonInstitut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la Lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé P.O. Box 288, CameroonIntroduction: The surveillance of mosquito vectors is important for the control of arboviruses diseases worldwide. Detailed information on the bionomics and distribution of their main vectors, <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus,</i> is essential for assessing disease transmission risk and for better planning of control interventions. Methods: Entomological surveys were carried out from November 2019 to November 2020 in six localities of Yaoundé city following a transect from urban to rural settings: two urban (Obili, Mvan), two peri-urban (Simbock, Ahala) and two rural areas (Lendom, Elig-essomballa)—during rainy and dry seasons. All water containers were inspected. <i>Aedes</i> mosquito abundance, species distribution and seasonal distribution patterns were compared using generalized linear models. Stegomyia indexes were estimated to determine the risk of arbovirus transmission. Results: A total of 6332 mosquitoes larvae were collected (2342 in urban areas, 1694 in peri-urban areas and 2296 in rural sites). <i>Aedes</i> species recorded included <i>Ae. albopictus</i>, <i>Ae. aegytpi</i>, <i>Ae. simpsoni and Aedes</i> spp. High mosquito abundance was registered in the rainy season (4706) compared to the dry season (1626) (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). <i>Ae. albopictus</i> was the most abundant <i>Aedes</i> species in urban (96.89%) and peri-urban (95.09%) sites whereas <i>Ae. aegypti</i> was more prevalent in rural sites (68.56%) (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Both species were found together in 71 larval habitats. <i>Ae. albopictus</i> was mostly found in discarded tires (42.51%), whereas <i>Ae. aegypti</i> was more prevalent in plastic containers used for storing water (65.87%). The majority of <i>Aedes</i> mosquitoes’ breeding places were situated close to human dwellings (0–10 m). Conclusion: Uncontrolled urbanization seems to greatly favour the presence of <i>Aedes</i> mosquito species around human dwellings in Yaoundé. Controlling <i>Aedes</i> mosquito distribution is becoming urgent to reduce the risk of arbovirus outbreaks in the city of Yaoundé.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/9/819<i>Aedes albopictus</i><i>Aedes aegypti</i>ruralperi-urbanurbanbreeding site |