<i>N</i>-Glycosylation in Piroplasmids: Diversity within Simplicity
<i>N</i>-glycosylation has remained mostly unexplored in Piroplasmida, an order of tick-transmitted pathogens of veterinary and medical relevance. Analysis of 11 piroplasmid genomes revealed three distinct scenarios regarding <i>N</i>-glycosylation: <i>Babesia</i>...
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doaj-bfd7c879ed2d4bd492788fd83fd974792021-01-09T00:01:02ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-01-0110505010.3390/pathogens10010050<i>N</i>-Glycosylation in Piroplasmids: Diversity within SimplicityMonica Florin-Christensen0Anabel E. Rodriguez1Carlos E. Suárez2Massaro W. Ueti3Fernando O. Delgado4Ignacio Echaide5Leonhard Schnittger6Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria (INTA-CONICET), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham 1686, ArgentinaInstituto de Patobiología Veterinaria (INTA-CONICET), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham 1686, ArgentinaDepartment of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USADepartment of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USAInstituto de Patobiología Veterinaria (INTA-CONICET), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham 1686, ArgentinaEstación Experimental Agrícola INTA-Rafaela, Santa Fe, Provincia de Buenos Aires S2300, ArgentinaInstituto de Patobiología Veterinaria (INTA-CONICET), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham 1686, Argentina<i>N</i>-glycosylation has remained mostly unexplored in Piroplasmida, an order of tick-transmitted pathogens of veterinary and medical relevance. Analysis of 11 piroplasmid genomes revealed three distinct scenarios regarding <i>N</i>-glycosylation: <i>Babesia</i> sensu stricto (s.s.) species add one or two <i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine (NAcGlc) molecules to proteins; <i>Theileria equi</i> and <i>Cytauxzoon felis</i> add (NAcGlc)<sub>2</sub>-mannose, while <i>B. microti</i> and <i>Theileria</i> s.s. synthesize dolichol-P-P-NAcGlc and dolichol-P-P-(NAcGlc)<sub>2</sub> without subsequent transfer to proteins. All piroplasmids possess the gene complement needed for the synthesis of the <i>N</i>-glycosylation substrates, dolichol-P and sugar nucleotides. The oligosaccharyl transferase of <i>Babesia</i> species, <i>T. equi</i> and <i>C. felis</i>, is predicted to be composed of only two subunits, STT3 and Ost1. Occurrence of short <i>N</i>-glycans in <i>B. bovis</i> merozoites was experimentally demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy using a NAcGlc-specific lectin. In vitro growth of <i>B. bovis</i> was significantly impaired by tunicamycin, an inhibitor of <i>N</i>-glycosylation, indicating a relevant role for <i>N</i>-glycosylation in this pathogen. Finally, genes coding for <i>N</i>-glycosylation enzymes and substrate biosynthesis are transcribed in <i>B. bovis</i> blood and tick stages, suggesting that this pathway is biologically relevant throughout the parasite life cycle. Elucidation of the role/s exerted by <i>N</i>-glycans will increase our understanding of these successful parasites, for which improved control measures are needed.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/1/50piroplasmids<i>Babesia</i><i>Theileria</i><i>Cytauxzoon</i><i>N</i>-glycandolichol |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Monica Florin-Christensen Anabel E. Rodriguez Carlos E. Suárez Massaro W. Ueti Fernando O. Delgado Ignacio Echaide Leonhard Schnittger |
spellingShingle |
Monica Florin-Christensen Anabel E. Rodriguez Carlos E. Suárez Massaro W. Ueti Fernando O. Delgado Ignacio Echaide Leonhard Schnittger <i>N</i>-Glycosylation in Piroplasmids: Diversity within Simplicity Pathogens piroplasmids <i>Babesia</i> <i>Theileria</i> <i>Cytauxzoon</i> <i>N</i>-glycan dolichol |
author_facet |
Monica Florin-Christensen Anabel E. Rodriguez Carlos E. Suárez Massaro W. Ueti Fernando O. Delgado Ignacio Echaide Leonhard Schnittger |
author_sort |
Monica Florin-Christensen |
title |
<i>N</i>-Glycosylation in Piroplasmids: Diversity within Simplicity |
title_short |
<i>N</i>-Glycosylation in Piroplasmids: Diversity within Simplicity |
title_full |
<i>N</i>-Glycosylation in Piroplasmids: Diversity within Simplicity |
title_fullStr |
<i>N</i>-Glycosylation in Piroplasmids: Diversity within Simplicity |
title_full_unstemmed |
<i>N</i>-Glycosylation in Piroplasmids: Diversity within Simplicity |
title_sort |
<i>n</i>-glycosylation in piroplasmids: diversity within simplicity |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Pathogens |
issn |
2076-0817 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
<i>N</i>-glycosylation has remained mostly unexplored in Piroplasmida, an order of tick-transmitted pathogens of veterinary and medical relevance. Analysis of 11 piroplasmid genomes revealed three distinct scenarios regarding <i>N</i>-glycosylation: <i>Babesia</i> sensu stricto (s.s.) species add one or two <i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine (NAcGlc) molecules to proteins; <i>Theileria equi</i> and <i>Cytauxzoon felis</i> add (NAcGlc)<sub>2</sub>-mannose, while <i>B. microti</i> and <i>Theileria</i> s.s. synthesize dolichol-P-P-NAcGlc and dolichol-P-P-(NAcGlc)<sub>2</sub> without subsequent transfer to proteins. All piroplasmids possess the gene complement needed for the synthesis of the <i>N</i>-glycosylation substrates, dolichol-P and sugar nucleotides. The oligosaccharyl transferase of <i>Babesia</i> species, <i>T. equi</i> and <i>C. felis</i>, is predicted to be composed of only two subunits, STT3 and Ost1. Occurrence of short <i>N</i>-glycans in <i>B. bovis</i> merozoites was experimentally demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy using a NAcGlc-specific lectin. In vitro growth of <i>B. bovis</i> was significantly impaired by tunicamycin, an inhibitor of <i>N</i>-glycosylation, indicating a relevant role for <i>N</i>-glycosylation in this pathogen. Finally, genes coding for <i>N</i>-glycosylation enzymes and substrate biosynthesis are transcribed in <i>B. bovis</i> blood and tick stages, suggesting that this pathway is biologically relevant throughout the parasite life cycle. Elucidation of the role/s exerted by <i>N</i>-glycans will increase our understanding of these successful parasites, for which improved control measures are needed. |
topic |
piroplasmids <i>Babesia</i> <i>Theileria</i> <i>Cytauxzoon</i> <i>N</i>-glycan dolichol |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/1/50 |
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