Use of Copper to Selectively Inhibit Brachionus calyciflorus (Predator) Growth in Chlorella kessleri (Prey) Mass Cultures for Algae Biodiesel Production
A single Brachionus rotifer can consume thousands of algae cells per hour causing an algae pond to crash within days of infection. Thus, there is a great need to reduce rotifers in order for algal biofuel production to become reality. Copper can selectively inhibit rotifers in algae ponds, thereby p...
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doaj-c0509d7fa57f45ea976ac8cbf0c873932020-11-24T21:44:38ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672015-08-01169206742068410.3390/ijms160920674ijms160920674Use of Copper to Selectively Inhibit Brachionus calyciflorus (Predator) Growth in Chlorella kessleri (Prey) Mass Cultures for Algae Biodiesel ProductionVishnupriya Pradeep0Steven W. Van Ginkel1Sichoon Park2Thomas Igou3Christine Yi4Hao Fu5Rachel Johnston6Terry Snell7Yongsheng Chen8School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 200 Bobby Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30313, USASchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 200 Bobby Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30313, USASchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 200 Bobby Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30313, USASchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 200 Bobby Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30313, USASchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 200 Bobby Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30313, USASchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 200 Bobby Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30313, USASchool of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 310 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30313, USASchool of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 310 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30313, USASchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 200 Bobby Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30313, USAA single Brachionus rotifer can consume thousands of algae cells per hour causing an algae pond to crash within days of infection. Thus, there is a great need to reduce rotifers in order for algal biofuel production to become reality. Copper can selectively inhibit rotifers in algae ponds, thereby protecting the algae crop. Differential toxicity tests were conducted to compare the copper sensitivity of a model rotifer—B. calyciflorus and an alga, C. kessleri. The rotifer LC50 was <0.1 ppm while the alga was not affected up to 5 ppm Cu(II). The low pH of the rotifer stomach may make it more sensitive to copper. However, when these cultures were combined, a copper concentration of 1.5 ppm was needed to inhibit the rotifer as the alga bound the copper, decreasing its bioavailability. Copper (X ppm) had no effect on downstream fatty acid methyl ester extraction.http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/16/9/20674biodiesel productionalgae pond crashtoxicityrotifercopper |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Vishnupriya Pradeep Steven W. Van Ginkel Sichoon Park Thomas Igou Christine Yi Hao Fu Rachel Johnston Terry Snell Yongsheng Chen |
spellingShingle |
Vishnupriya Pradeep Steven W. Van Ginkel Sichoon Park Thomas Igou Christine Yi Hao Fu Rachel Johnston Terry Snell Yongsheng Chen Use of Copper to Selectively Inhibit Brachionus calyciflorus (Predator) Growth in Chlorella kessleri (Prey) Mass Cultures for Algae Biodiesel Production International Journal of Molecular Sciences biodiesel production algae pond crash toxicity rotifer copper |
author_facet |
Vishnupriya Pradeep Steven W. Van Ginkel Sichoon Park Thomas Igou Christine Yi Hao Fu Rachel Johnston Terry Snell Yongsheng Chen |
author_sort |
Vishnupriya Pradeep |
title |
Use of Copper to Selectively Inhibit Brachionus calyciflorus (Predator) Growth in Chlorella kessleri (Prey) Mass Cultures for Algae Biodiesel Production |
title_short |
Use of Copper to Selectively Inhibit Brachionus calyciflorus (Predator) Growth in Chlorella kessleri (Prey) Mass Cultures for Algae Biodiesel Production |
title_full |
Use of Copper to Selectively Inhibit Brachionus calyciflorus (Predator) Growth in Chlorella kessleri (Prey) Mass Cultures for Algae Biodiesel Production |
title_fullStr |
Use of Copper to Selectively Inhibit Brachionus calyciflorus (Predator) Growth in Chlorella kessleri (Prey) Mass Cultures for Algae Biodiesel Production |
title_full_unstemmed |
Use of Copper to Selectively Inhibit Brachionus calyciflorus (Predator) Growth in Chlorella kessleri (Prey) Mass Cultures for Algae Biodiesel Production |
title_sort |
use of copper to selectively inhibit brachionus calyciflorus (predator) growth in chlorella kessleri (prey) mass cultures for algae biodiesel production |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2015-08-01 |
description |
A single Brachionus rotifer can consume thousands of algae cells per hour causing an algae pond to crash within days of infection. Thus, there is a great need to reduce rotifers in order for algal biofuel production to become reality. Copper can selectively inhibit rotifers in algae ponds, thereby protecting the algae crop. Differential toxicity tests were conducted to compare the copper sensitivity of a model rotifer—B. calyciflorus and an alga, C. kessleri. The rotifer LC50 was <0.1 ppm while the alga was not affected up to 5 ppm Cu(II). The low pH of the rotifer stomach may make it more sensitive to copper. However, when these cultures were combined, a copper concentration of 1.5 ppm was needed to inhibit the rotifer as the alga bound the copper, decreasing its bioavailability. Copper (X ppm) had no effect on downstream fatty acid methyl ester extraction. |
topic |
biodiesel production algae pond crash toxicity rotifer copper |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/16/9/20674 |
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