Co-ingestion of carbohydrate and whey protein induces muscle strength and myofibrillar protein accretion without a requirement of satellite cell activation
Muscle development is controlled by the balance between muscle protein synthesis and protein degradation. Protein supplementation has been widely known to enhance muscle protein synthesis, and carbohydrate supplementation may attenuate protein degradation. The purpose of this study was to compare th...
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doaj-c0a412e42b884607a0790eaab04c03d12020-12-31T04:44:26ZengElsevierCurrent Research in Physiology2665-94412020-06-0121221Co-ingestion of carbohydrate and whey protein induces muscle strength and myofibrillar protein accretion without a requirement of satellite cell activationWanyi Wang0Pei-ling Hsieh1Roger P. Farrar2John L. Ivy3Exercise Physiology and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USAMuscle Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USAMuscle Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USAExercise Physiology and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA; Corresponding author. Department of Kinesiology and Health Education Bellmont Hall 822E, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-0360, USA.Muscle development is controlled by the balance between muscle protein synthesis and protein degradation. Protein supplementation has been widely known to enhance muscle protein synthesis, and carbohydrate supplementation may attenuate protein degradation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of whey protein plus carbohydrate (CP), whey protein (WP), and placebo (PLA) supplements on resistance training adaptations. Two-month old rats were trained by ladder climbing every 3 days for 8 weeks. PLA, WP, or CP was given immediately after each exercise session. Non-exercise rats were used as a sedentary control (SED). Total body composition was assessed and blood samples were collected before, middle, and end of training. The flexor hallucis longus (FHL) was excised 24 h after the last exercise session. Following training, maximal carrying capacity was significantly greater in CP than PLA and WP. This improved training performance in CP paralleled an increase in total muscle and myofibrillar protein content. Muscle and fiber cross sectional areas (CSA) were significantly increased by exercise training, with a concomitant increase in myonuclear domain. CP significantly elevated IGF-1 protein expression over SED, but there were no significant differences in myostatin, Pax7, MyoD, or myogenin across treatment groups. There was also no difference in the number of total nuclei in each fiber CSA among groups. Corticosterone levels were significantly elevated in PLA and WP over 8 weeks of training, whereas this change in corticosterone over time was not observed in the CP group. The results suggest that the greater improvement of maximal caring capacity for CP compared with PLA and WP was associated with a greater increase in myofibrillar protein content. Satellite cell activation did not appear to contribute to the observed gains in muscle hypertrophy and strength.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665944120300018CarbohydrateWhey proteinResistance trainingMyofibrillar proteinStrengthSatellite cells |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Wanyi Wang Pei-ling Hsieh Roger P. Farrar John L. Ivy |
spellingShingle |
Wanyi Wang Pei-ling Hsieh Roger P. Farrar John L. Ivy Co-ingestion of carbohydrate and whey protein induces muscle strength and myofibrillar protein accretion without a requirement of satellite cell activation Current Research in Physiology Carbohydrate Whey protein Resistance training Myofibrillar protein Strength Satellite cells |
author_facet |
Wanyi Wang Pei-ling Hsieh Roger P. Farrar John L. Ivy |
author_sort |
Wanyi Wang |
title |
Co-ingestion of carbohydrate and whey protein induces muscle strength and myofibrillar protein accretion without a requirement of satellite cell activation |
title_short |
Co-ingestion of carbohydrate and whey protein induces muscle strength and myofibrillar protein accretion without a requirement of satellite cell activation |
title_full |
Co-ingestion of carbohydrate and whey protein induces muscle strength and myofibrillar protein accretion without a requirement of satellite cell activation |
title_fullStr |
Co-ingestion of carbohydrate and whey protein induces muscle strength and myofibrillar protein accretion without a requirement of satellite cell activation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Co-ingestion of carbohydrate and whey protein induces muscle strength and myofibrillar protein accretion without a requirement of satellite cell activation |
title_sort |
co-ingestion of carbohydrate and whey protein induces muscle strength and myofibrillar protein accretion without a requirement of satellite cell activation |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Current Research in Physiology |
issn |
2665-9441 |
publishDate |
2020-06-01 |
description |
Muscle development is controlled by the balance between muscle protein synthesis and protein degradation. Protein supplementation has been widely known to enhance muscle protein synthesis, and carbohydrate supplementation may attenuate protein degradation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of whey protein plus carbohydrate (CP), whey protein (WP), and placebo (PLA) supplements on resistance training adaptations. Two-month old rats were trained by ladder climbing every 3 days for 8 weeks. PLA, WP, or CP was given immediately after each exercise session. Non-exercise rats were used as a sedentary control (SED). Total body composition was assessed and blood samples were collected before, middle, and end of training. The flexor hallucis longus (FHL) was excised 24 h after the last exercise session. Following training, maximal carrying capacity was significantly greater in CP than PLA and WP. This improved training performance in CP paralleled an increase in total muscle and myofibrillar protein content. Muscle and fiber cross sectional areas (CSA) were significantly increased by exercise training, with a concomitant increase in myonuclear domain. CP significantly elevated IGF-1 protein expression over SED, but there were no significant differences in myostatin, Pax7, MyoD, or myogenin across treatment groups. There was also no difference in the number of total nuclei in each fiber CSA among groups. Corticosterone levels were significantly elevated in PLA and WP over 8 weeks of training, whereas this change in corticosterone over time was not observed in the CP group. The results suggest that the greater improvement of maximal caring capacity for CP compared with PLA and WP was associated with a greater increase in myofibrillar protein content. Satellite cell activation did not appear to contribute to the observed gains in muscle hypertrophy and strength. |
topic |
Carbohydrate Whey protein Resistance training Myofibrillar protein Strength Satellite cells |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665944120300018 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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