Interrogating and Reflecting on Disability Prevalence Data Collected Using the Washington Group Tools: Results from Population-Based Surveys in Cameroon, Guatemala, India, Maldives, Nepal, Turkey and Vanuatu
The Washington Group (WG) tools capture self-reported functional limitations, ranging from 6 domains in the Short Set (SS) to 11 in the Extended Set (ESF). Prevalence estimates can vary considerably on account of differences between modules and the different applications of them. We compare prevalen...
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doaj-c0da0c34204b4ac7b6300aebe39223b32021-09-09T13:45:35ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health1661-78271660-46012021-08-01189213921310.3390/ijerph18179213Interrogating and Reflecting on Disability Prevalence Data Collected Using the Washington Group Tools: Results from Population-Based Surveys in Cameroon, Guatemala, India, Maldives, Nepal, Turkey and VanuatuIslay Mactaggart0Ammar Hasan Bek1Lena Morgon Banks2Tess Bright3Carlos Dionicio4Shaffa Hameed5Shailes Neupane6GVS Murthy7Ahmed Orucu8Joseph Oye9Jonathan Naber10Tom Shakespeare11Andrea Patterson12Sarah Polack13Hannah Kuper14International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UKRelief International, Istanbul 34087, TurkeyInternational Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UKInternational Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UKCenter for Research in Indigenous Health, Wuqu’ Kawoq, Maya Health Alliance 2a Avenida 3-48 Zona 3, Barrio Patacabaj, Tecpán, Chimaltenango 4001, GuatemalaInternational Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UKValley Research Group, Kathmandu 44600, NepalIndian Institute of Public Health, Hyderabad 122002, IndiaMülteciler Derneği, Istanbul 34930, TurkeySightsavers Cameroon, Yaounde P.O. Box 4484, CameroonRange of Motion Project, P.O. Box 100915, Denver, CO 80250, USAInternational Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UKRelief International, Istanbul 34087, TurkeyInternational Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UKInternational Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UKThe Washington Group (WG) tools capture self-reported functional limitations, ranging from 6 domains in the Short Set (SS) to 11 in the Extended Set (ESF). Prevalence estimates can vary considerably on account of differences between modules and the different applications of them. We compare prevalence estimates by WG module, threshold, application and domain to explore these nuances and consider whether alternative combinations of questions may be valuable in reduced sets. We conducted secondary analyses of seven population-based surveys (analyses restricted to adults 18+) in Low- and Middle-Income Countries that used the WG tools. The prevalence estimates using the SS standard threshold (a lot of difficulty or higher in one or more domain) varied between 3.2% (95% Confidence Interval 2.9–3.6) in Vanuatu to 14.1% (12.2–16.2) in Turkey. The prevalence was higher using the ESF than the SS, and much higher (5 to 10-fold) using a wider threshold of “some” or greater difficulty. Two of the SS domains (communication, self-care) identified few additional individuals with functional limitations. An alternative SS replacing these domains with the psychosocial domains of anxiety and depression would identify more participants with functional limitations for the same number of items. The WG tools are valuable for collecting harmonised population data on disability. It is important that the impact on prevalence of use of different modules, thresholds and applications is recognised. An alternative SS may capture a greater proportion of people with functional domains without increasing the number of items.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/17/9213disability measurementpopulation surveysdisability prevalence |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Islay Mactaggart Ammar Hasan Bek Lena Morgon Banks Tess Bright Carlos Dionicio Shaffa Hameed Shailes Neupane GVS Murthy Ahmed Orucu Joseph Oye Jonathan Naber Tom Shakespeare Andrea Patterson Sarah Polack Hannah Kuper |
spellingShingle |
Islay Mactaggart Ammar Hasan Bek Lena Morgon Banks Tess Bright Carlos Dionicio Shaffa Hameed Shailes Neupane GVS Murthy Ahmed Orucu Joseph Oye Jonathan Naber Tom Shakespeare Andrea Patterson Sarah Polack Hannah Kuper Interrogating and Reflecting on Disability Prevalence Data Collected Using the Washington Group Tools: Results from Population-Based Surveys in Cameroon, Guatemala, India, Maldives, Nepal, Turkey and Vanuatu International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health disability measurement population surveys disability prevalence |
author_facet |
Islay Mactaggart Ammar Hasan Bek Lena Morgon Banks Tess Bright Carlos Dionicio Shaffa Hameed Shailes Neupane GVS Murthy Ahmed Orucu Joseph Oye Jonathan Naber Tom Shakespeare Andrea Patterson Sarah Polack Hannah Kuper |
author_sort |
Islay Mactaggart |
title |
Interrogating and Reflecting on Disability Prevalence Data Collected Using the Washington Group Tools: Results from Population-Based Surveys in Cameroon, Guatemala, India, Maldives, Nepal, Turkey and Vanuatu |
title_short |
Interrogating and Reflecting on Disability Prevalence Data Collected Using the Washington Group Tools: Results from Population-Based Surveys in Cameroon, Guatemala, India, Maldives, Nepal, Turkey and Vanuatu |
title_full |
Interrogating and Reflecting on Disability Prevalence Data Collected Using the Washington Group Tools: Results from Population-Based Surveys in Cameroon, Guatemala, India, Maldives, Nepal, Turkey and Vanuatu |
title_fullStr |
Interrogating and Reflecting on Disability Prevalence Data Collected Using the Washington Group Tools: Results from Population-Based Surveys in Cameroon, Guatemala, India, Maldives, Nepal, Turkey and Vanuatu |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interrogating and Reflecting on Disability Prevalence Data Collected Using the Washington Group Tools: Results from Population-Based Surveys in Cameroon, Guatemala, India, Maldives, Nepal, Turkey and Vanuatu |
title_sort |
interrogating and reflecting on disability prevalence data collected using the washington group tools: results from population-based surveys in cameroon, guatemala, india, maldives, nepal, turkey and vanuatu |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
issn |
1661-7827 1660-4601 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
The Washington Group (WG) tools capture self-reported functional limitations, ranging from 6 domains in the Short Set (SS) to 11 in the Extended Set (ESF). Prevalence estimates can vary considerably on account of differences between modules and the different applications of them. We compare prevalence estimates by WG module, threshold, application and domain to explore these nuances and consider whether alternative combinations of questions may be valuable in reduced sets. We conducted secondary analyses of seven population-based surveys (analyses restricted to adults 18+) in Low- and Middle-Income Countries that used the WG tools. The prevalence estimates using the SS standard threshold (a lot of difficulty or higher in one or more domain) varied between 3.2% (95% Confidence Interval 2.9–3.6) in Vanuatu to 14.1% (12.2–16.2) in Turkey. The prevalence was higher using the ESF than the SS, and much higher (5 to 10-fold) using a wider threshold of “some” or greater difficulty. Two of the SS domains (communication, self-care) identified few additional individuals with functional limitations. An alternative SS replacing these domains with the psychosocial domains of anxiety and depression would identify more participants with functional limitations for the same number of items. The WG tools are valuable for collecting harmonised population data on disability. It is important that the impact on prevalence of use of different modules, thresholds and applications is recognised. An alternative SS may capture a greater proportion of people with functional domains without increasing the number of items. |
topic |
disability measurement population surveys disability prevalence |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/17/9213 |
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