High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity.
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes chronic atrophic gastritis and peptic ulcers and it has been associated with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). One of the more remarkable characteristics of H. pylori is its ability to...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2020-01-01
|
Series: | PLoS ONE |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230220 |
id |
doaj-c0e0ca60bbc949678b66714f520192c7 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-c0e0ca60bbc949678b66714f520192c72021-03-03T21:36:40ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032020-01-01153e023022010.1371/journal.pone.0230220High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity.Rosario Morales-EspinosaGabriela DelgadoLuis-Roberto SerranoElizabeth CastilloCarlos A SantiagoRigoberto Hernández-CastroAlberto Gonzalez-PedrazaJose L MendezLuis F Mundo-GallardoJoaquín Manzo-MerinoSergio AyalaAlejandro CraviotoHelicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes chronic atrophic gastritis and peptic ulcers and it has been associated with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). One of the more remarkable characteristics of H. pylori is its ability to survive in the hostile environment of the stomach. H. pylori regulates the expression of specific sets of genes allowing it to survive high acidity levels and nutrient scarcity. In the present study, we determined the expression of virulence associated protein D (VapD) of H. pylori inside adenocarcinoma gastric (AGS) cells and in gastric biopsies. Using qRT-PCR, VapD expression was quantified in intracellular H. pylori-AGS cell cultures at different time points and in gastric mucosa biopsies from patients suffering from chronic atrophic gastritis, follicular gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastritis precancerous intestinal metaplasia and adenocarcinoma. Our results show that vapD of H. pylori presented high transcription levels inside AGS cells, which increased up to two-fold above basal values across all assays over time. Inside AGS cells, H. pylori acquired a coccoid form that is metabolically active in expressing VapD as a protection mechanism, thereby maintaining its permanence in a viable non-cultivable state. VapD of H. pylori was expressed in all gastric biopsies, however, higher expression levels (p = 0.029) were observed in gastric antrum biopsies from patients with follicular gastritis. The highest VapD expression levels were found in both antrum and corpus gastric biopsies from older patients (>57 years old). We observed that VapD in H. pylori is a protein that is only produced in response to interactions with eukaryotic cells. Our results suggest that VapD contributes to the persistence of H. pylori inside the gastric epithelial cells, protecting the microorganism from the intracellular environment, reducing its growth rate, enabling long-term infection and treatment resistance.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230220 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Rosario Morales-Espinosa Gabriela Delgado Luis-Roberto Serrano Elizabeth Castillo Carlos A Santiago Rigoberto Hernández-Castro Alberto Gonzalez-Pedraza Jose L Mendez Luis F Mundo-Gallardo Joaquín Manzo-Merino Sergio Ayala Alejandro Cravioto |
spellingShingle |
Rosario Morales-Espinosa Gabriela Delgado Luis-Roberto Serrano Elizabeth Castillo Carlos A Santiago Rigoberto Hernández-Castro Alberto Gonzalez-Pedraza Jose L Mendez Luis F Mundo-Gallardo Joaquín Manzo-Merino Sergio Ayala Alejandro Cravioto High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity. PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Rosario Morales-Espinosa Gabriela Delgado Luis-Roberto Serrano Elizabeth Castillo Carlos A Santiago Rigoberto Hernández-Castro Alberto Gonzalez-Pedraza Jose L Mendez Luis F Mundo-Gallardo Joaquín Manzo-Merino Sergio Ayala Alejandro Cravioto |
author_sort |
Rosario Morales-Espinosa |
title |
High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity. |
title_short |
High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity. |
title_full |
High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity. |
title_fullStr |
High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity. |
title_full_unstemmed |
High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity. |
title_sort |
high expression of helicobacter pylori vapd in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2020-01-01 |
description |
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes chronic atrophic gastritis and peptic ulcers and it has been associated with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). One of the more remarkable characteristics of H. pylori is its ability to survive in the hostile environment of the stomach. H. pylori regulates the expression of specific sets of genes allowing it to survive high acidity levels and nutrient scarcity. In the present study, we determined the expression of virulence associated protein D (VapD) of H. pylori inside adenocarcinoma gastric (AGS) cells and in gastric biopsies. Using qRT-PCR, VapD expression was quantified in intracellular H. pylori-AGS cell cultures at different time points and in gastric mucosa biopsies from patients suffering from chronic atrophic gastritis, follicular gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastritis precancerous intestinal metaplasia and adenocarcinoma. Our results show that vapD of H. pylori presented high transcription levels inside AGS cells, which increased up to two-fold above basal values across all assays over time. Inside AGS cells, H. pylori acquired a coccoid form that is metabolically active in expressing VapD as a protection mechanism, thereby maintaining its permanence in a viable non-cultivable state. VapD of H. pylori was expressed in all gastric biopsies, however, higher expression levels (p = 0.029) were observed in gastric antrum biopsies from patients with follicular gastritis. The highest VapD expression levels were found in both antrum and corpus gastric biopsies from older patients (>57 years old). We observed that VapD in H. pylori is a protein that is only produced in response to interactions with eukaryotic cells. Our results suggest that VapD contributes to the persistence of H. pylori inside the gastric epithelial cells, protecting the microorganism from the intracellular environment, reducing its growth rate, enabling long-term infection and treatment resistance. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230220 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT rosariomoralesespinosa highexpressionofhelicobacterpylorivapdinboththeintracellularenvironmentandbiopsiesfromgastricpatientswithseverity AT gabrieladelgado highexpressionofhelicobacterpylorivapdinboththeintracellularenvironmentandbiopsiesfromgastricpatientswithseverity AT luisrobertoserrano highexpressionofhelicobacterpylorivapdinboththeintracellularenvironmentandbiopsiesfromgastricpatientswithseverity AT elizabethcastillo highexpressionofhelicobacterpylorivapdinboththeintracellularenvironmentandbiopsiesfromgastricpatientswithseverity AT carlosasantiago highexpressionofhelicobacterpylorivapdinboththeintracellularenvironmentandbiopsiesfromgastricpatientswithseverity AT rigobertohernandezcastro highexpressionofhelicobacterpylorivapdinboththeintracellularenvironmentandbiopsiesfromgastricpatientswithseverity AT albertogonzalezpedraza highexpressionofhelicobacterpylorivapdinboththeintracellularenvironmentandbiopsiesfromgastricpatientswithseverity AT joselmendez highexpressionofhelicobacterpylorivapdinboththeintracellularenvironmentandbiopsiesfromgastricpatientswithseverity AT luisfmundogallardo highexpressionofhelicobacterpylorivapdinboththeintracellularenvironmentandbiopsiesfromgastricpatientswithseverity AT joaquinmanzomerino highexpressionofhelicobacterpylorivapdinboththeintracellularenvironmentandbiopsiesfromgastricpatientswithseverity AT sergioayala highexpressionofhelicobacterpylorivapdinboththeintracellularenvironmentandbiopsiesfromgastricpatientswithseverity AT alejandrocravioto highexpressionofhelicobacterpylorivapdinboththeintracellularenvironmentandbiopsiesfromgastricpatientswithseverity |
_version_ |
1714816072620703744 |