Ultrastructural modifications in the mitochondria of hypoxia-adapted Drosophila melanogaster.
Chronic hypoxia (CH) occurs under certain physiological or pathological conditions, including in people who reside at high altitude or suffer chronic cardiovascular or pulmonary diseases. As mitochondria are the predominant oxygen-consuming organelles to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylatio...
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doaj-c19ca7b946b5407da74766f37bcb418a2020-11-24T21:43:49ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032012-01-0179e4534410.1371/journal.pone.0045344Ultrastructural modifications in the mitochondria of hypoxia-adapted Drosophila melanogaster.Guy PerkinsYu-hsin HsiaoSongyue YinJonathan TjongMy T TranJenna LauJin XueSiqi LiuMark H EllismanDan ZhouChronic hypoxia (CH) occurs under certain physiological or pathological conditions, including in people who reside at high altitude or suffer chronic cardiovascular or pulmonary diseases. As mitochondria are the predominant oxygen-consuming organelles to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation in cells, their responses, through structural or molecular modifications, to limited oxygen supply play an important role in the overall functional adaptation to hypoxia. Here, we report the adaptive mitochondrial ultrastructural modifications and the functional impacts in a recently generated hypoxia-adapted Drosophila melanogaster strain that survives severe, otherwise lethal, hypoxic conditions. Using electron tomography, we discovered increased mitochondrial volume density and cristae abundance, yet also cristae fragmentation and a unique honeycomb-like structure in the mitochondria of hypoxia-adapted flies. The homeostatic levels of adenylate and energy charge were similar between hypoxia-adapted and naïve control flies and the hypoxia-adapted flies remained active under severe hypoxia as quantified by negative geotaxis behavior. The equilibrium ATP level was lower in hypoxia-adapted flies than those of the naïve controls tested under severe hypoxia that inhibited the motion of control flies. Our results suggest that the structural rearrangement in the mitochondria of hypoxia-adapted flies may be an important adaptive mechanism that plays a critical role in preserving adenylate homeostasis and metabolism as well as muscle function under chronic hypoxic conditions.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3446896?pdf=render |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Guy Perkins Yu-hsin Hsiao Songyue Yin Jonathan Tjong My T Tran Jenna Lau Jin Xue Siqi Liu Mark H Ellisman Dan Zhou |
spellingShingle |
Guy Perkins Yu-hsin Hsiao Songyue Yin Jonathan Tjong My T Tran Jenna Lau Jin Xue Siqi Liu Mark H Ellisman Dan Zhou Ultrastructural modifications in the mitochondria of hypoxia-adapted Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Guy Perkins Yu-hsin Hsiao Songyue Yin Jonathan Tjong My T Tran Jenna Lau Jin Xue Siqi Liu Mark H Ellisman Dan Zhou |
author_sort |
Guy Perkins |
title |
Ultrastructural modifications in the mitochondria of hypoxia-adapted Drosophila melanogaster. |
title_short |
Ultrastructural modifications in the mitochondria of hypoxia-adapted Drosophila melanogaster. |
title_full |
Ultrastructural modifications in the mitochondria of hypoxia-adapted Drosophila melanogaster. |
title_fullStr |
Ultrastructural modifications in the mitochondria of hypoxia-adapted Drosophila melanogaster. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ultrastructural modifications in the mitochondria of hypoxia-adapted Drosophila melanogaster. |
title_sort |
ultrastructural modifications in the mitochondria of hypoxia-adapted drosophila melanogaster. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2012-01-01 |
description |
Chronic hypoxia (CH) occurs under certain physiological or pathological conditions, including in people who reside at high altitude or suffer chronic cardiovascular or pulmonary diseases. As mitochondria are the predominant oxygen-consuming organelles to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation in cells, their responses, through structural or molecular modifications, to limited oxygen supply play an important role in the overall functional adaptation to hypoxia. Here, we report the adaptive mitochondrial ultrastructural modifications and the functional impacts in a recently generated hypoxia-adapted Drosophila melanogaster strain that survives severe, otherwise lethal, hypoxic conditions. Using electron tomography, we discovered increased mitochondrial volume density and cristae abundance, yet also cristae fragmentation and a unique honeycomb-like structure in the mitochondria of hypoxia-adapted flies. The homeostatic levels of adenylate and energy charge were similar between hypoxia-adapted and naïve control flies and the hypoxia-adapted flies remained active under severe hypoxia as quantified by negative geotaxis behavior. The equilibrium ATP level was lower in hypoxia-adapted flies than those of the naïve controls tested under severe hypoxia that inhibited the motion of control flies. Our results suggest that the structural rearrangement in the mitochondria of hypoxia-adapted flies may be an important adaptive mechanism that plays a critical role in preserving adenylate homeostasis and metabolism as well as muscle function under chronic hypoxic conditions. |
url |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3446896?pdf=render |
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