Identification and molecular typing of Naegleria fowleri from a patient with primary amebic meningoencephalitis in China
Naegleria fowleri is the only Naegleria spp. known to cause an acute, fulminant, and rapidly fatal central nervous system infection in humans called primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). In 2016, a patient with suspected PAM was found in Zhejiang Province of China. The pathogen was identified by...
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doaj-c1ae67d387e345cc9edfeebe090b80aa2020-11-24T21:16:53ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases1201-97122018-07-01722833Identification and molecular typing of Naegleria fowleri from a patient with primary amebic meningoencephalitis in ChinaLing-ling Zhang0Mao Wu1Bang-chuan Hu2Hua-liang Chen3Jin-Ren Pan4Wei Ruan5Li-nong Yao6Department of Communicable Diseases of Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, ChinaZhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, ChinaZhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Communicable Diseases of Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Communicable Diseases of Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Communicable Diseases of Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China; Corresponding authors at: 3399 Binsheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, China.Department of Communicable Diseases of Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China; Corresponding authors at: 3399 Binsheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, China.Naegleria fowleri is the only Naegleria spp. known to cause an acute, fulminant, and rapidly fatal central nervous system infection in humans called primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). In 2016, a patient with suspected PAM was found in Zhejiang Province of China. The pathogen was identified by microscopic examination and PCR. The positive PCR products were sequenced and the sequences were aligned using the NCBI BLAST program. The homologous and phylogenetic analysis was conducted using MEGA 6 program. On microscopy of direct smears, motile cells with pseudopodia were observed, and the motion characteristics of the pseudopodia as well as the cell morphology suggested that the pathogens were amoeba trophozoites. Wright–Giemsa-stained smears showed amoeba trophozoites of various shapes, which measured 10–25 μm in size; these were characterized by a prominent, centrally placed nucleolus and a vacuolated cytoplasm. PCR was negative for Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar, but positive for Naegleria spp. and N. fowleri. The nucleotide sequences acquired in this study have been submitted to GenBank with accession numbers KX909928 and KX909927, respectively. The BLAST analysis revealed that the sequences of KX909928 and KX909927 had 100% similarity with the sequence of the N. fowleri gene (KT375442.1). Sequence alignment and the phylogenetic tree revealed that the N. fowleri collected in this study was classified as genotype 2 and was most closely related to Naegleria lovaniensis. This study confirmed N. fowleri as the agent responsible for the infection in this patient. PAM normally progresses rapidly and is generally universally fatal within a week. Unfortunately this patient died at 2 weeks after the onset of symptoms. Keywords: Primary amebic meningoencephalitis, Naegleria fowleri, Free-living amoeba, PCRhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971218344096 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ling-ling Zhang Mao Wu Bang-chuan Hu Hua-liang Chen Jin-Ren Pan Wei Ruan Li-nong Yao |
spellingShingle |
Ling-ling Zhang Mao Wu Bang-chuan Hu Hua-liang Chen Jin-Ren Pan Wei Ruan Li-nong Yao Identification and molecular typing of Naegleria fowleri from a patient with primary amebic meningoencephalitis in China International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
author_facet |
Ling-ling Zhang Mao Wu Bang-chuan Hu Hua-liang Chen Jin-Ren Pan Wei Ruan Li-nong Yao |
author_sort |
Ling-ling Zhang |
title |
Identification and molecular typing of Naegleria fowleri from a patient with primary amebic meningoencephalitis in China |
title_short |
Identification and molecular typing of Naegleria fowleri from a patient with primary amebic meningoencephalitis in China |
title_full |
Identification and molecular typing of Naegleria fowleri from a patient with primary amebic meningoencephalitis in China |
title_fullStr |
Identification and molecular typing of Naegleria fowleri from a patient with primary amebic meningoencephalitis in China |
title_full_unstemmed |
Identification and molecular typing of Naegleria fowleri from a patient with primary amebic meningoencephalitis in China |
title_sort |
identification and molecular typing of naegleria fowleri from a patient with primary amebic meningoencephalitis in china |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
issn |
1201-9712 |
publishDate |
2018-07-01 |
description |
Naegleria fowleri is the only Naegleria spp. known to cause an acute, fulminant, and rapidly fatal central nervous system infection in humans called primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). In 2016, a patient with suspected PAM was found in Zhejiang Province of China. The pathogen was identified by microscopic examination and PCR. The positive PCR products were sequenced and the sequences were aligned using the NCBI BLAST program. The homologous and phylogenetic analysis was conducted using MEGA 6 program. On microscopy of direct smears, motile cells with pseudopodia were observed, and the motion characteristics of the pseudopodia as well as the cell morphology suggested that the pathogens were amoeba trophozoites. Wright–Giemsa-stained smears showed amoeba trophozoites of various shapes, which measured 10–25 μm in size; these were characterized by a prominent, centrally placed nucleolus and a vacuolated cytoplasm. PCR was negative for Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar, but positive for Naegleria spp. and N. fowleri. The nucleotide sequences acquired in this study have been submitted to GenBank with accession numbers KX909928 and KX909927, respectively. The BLAST analysis revealed that the sequences of KX909928 and KX909927 had 100% similarity with the sequence of the N. fowleri gene (KT375442.1). Sequence alignment and the phylogenetic tree revealed that the N. fowleri collected in this study was classified as genotype 2 and was most closely related to Naegleria lovaniensis. This study confirmed N. fowleri as the agent responsible for the infection in this patient. PAM normally progresses rapidly and is generally universally fatal within a week. Unfortunately this patient died at 2 weeks after the onset of symptoms. Keywords: Primary amebic meningoencephalitis, Naegleria fowleri, Free-living amoeba, PCR |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971218344096 |
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