Insights into Nuclear G-Protein-Coupled Receptors as Therapeutic Targets in Non-Communicable Diseases
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise a large protein superfamily divided into six classes, rhodopsin-like (A), secretin receptor family (B), metabotropic glutamate (C), fungal mating pheromone receptors (D), cyclic AMP receptors (E) and frizzled (F). Until recently, GPCRs signaling was thoug...
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doaj-c23fb860ff304961871c492a96e9416c2021-05-31T23:21:36ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472021-05-011443943910.3390/ph14050439Insights into Nuclear G-Protein-Coupled Receptors as Therapeutic Targets in Non-Communicable DiseasesSalomé Gonçalves-Monteiro0Rita Ribeiro-Oliveira1Maria Sofia Vieira-Rocha2Martin Vojtek3Joana B. Sousa4Carmen Diniz5Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalLaboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalLaboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalLaboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalLaboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalLaboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalG-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise a large protein superfamily divided into six classes, rhodopsin-like (A), secretin receptor family (B), metabotropic glutamate (C), fungal mating pheromone receptors (D), cyclic AMP receptors (E) and frizzled (F). Until recently, GPCRs signaling was thought to emanate exclusively from the plasma membrane as a response to extracellular stimuli but several studies have challenged this view demonstrating that GPCRs can be present in intracellular localizations, including in the nuclei. A renewed interest in GPCR receptors’ superfamily emerged and intensive research occurred over recent decades, particularly regarding class A GPCRs, but some class B and C have also been explored. Nuclear GPCRs proved to be functional and capable of triggering identical and/or distinct signaling pathways associated with their counterparts on the cell surface bringing new insights into the relevance of nuclear GPCRs and highlighting the nucleus as an autonomous signaling organelle (triggered by GPCRs). Nuclear GPCRs are involved in physiological (namely cell proliferation, transcription, angiogenesis and survival) and disease processes (cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc.). In this review we summarize emerging evidence on nuclear GPCRs expression/function (with some nuclear GPCRs evidencing atypical/disruptive signaling pathways) in non-communicable disease, thus, bringing nuclear GPCRs as targets to the forefront of debate.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/14/5/439GPCRscancercardiovascular diseasesligandsnuclear GPCR signalingGPCR-based therapeutics |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Salomé Gonçalves-Monteiro Rita Ribeiro-Oliveira Maria Sofia Vieira-Rocha Martin Vojtek Joana B. Sousa Carmen Diniz |
spellingShingle |
Salomé Gonçalves-Monteiro Rita Ribeiro-Oliveira Maria Sofia Vieira-Rocha Martin Vojtek Joana B. Sousa Carmen Diniz Insights into Nuclear G-Protein-Coupled Receptors as Therapeutic Targets in Non-Communicable Diseases Pharmaceuticals GPCRs cancer cardiovascular diseases ligands nuclear GPCR signaling GPCR-based therapeutics |
author_facet |
Salomé Gonçalves-Monteiro Rita Ribeiro-Oliveira Maria Sofia Vieira-Rocha Martin Vojtek Joana B. Sousa Carmen Diniz |
author_sort |
Salomé Gonçalves-Monteiro |
title |
Insights into Nuclear G-Protein-Coupled Receptors as Therapeutic Targets in Non-Communicable Diseases |
title_short |
Insights into Nuclear G-Protein-Coupled Receptors as Therapeutic Targets in Non-Communicable Diseases |
title_full |
Insights into Nuclear G-Protein-Coupled Receptors as Therapeutic Targets in Non-Communicable Diseases |
title_fullStr |
Insights into Nuclear G-Protein-Coupled Receptors as Therapeutic Targets in Non-Communicable Diseases |
title_full_unstemmed |
Insights into Nuclear G-Protein-Coupled Receptors as Therapeutic Targets in Non-Communicable Diseases |
title_sort |
insights into nuclear g-protein-coupled receptors as therapeutic targets in non-communicable diseases |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Pharmaceuticals |
issn |
1424-8247 |
publishDate |
2021-05-01 |
description |
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise a large protein superfamily divided into six classes, rhodopsin-like (A), secretin receptor family (B), metabotropic glutamate (C), fungal mating pheromone receptors (D), cyclic AMP receptors (E) and frizzled (F). Until recently, GPCRs signaling was thought to emanate exclusively from the plasma membrane as a response to extracellular stimuli but several studies have challenged this view demonstrating that GPCRs can be present in intracellular localizations, including in the nuclei. A renewed interest in GPCR receptors’ superfamily emerged and intensive research occurred over recent decades, particularly regarding class A GPCRs, but some class B and C have also been explored. Nuclear GPCRs proved to be functional and capable of triggering identical and/or distinct signaling pathways associated with their counterparts on the cell surface bringing new insights into the relevance of nuclear GPCRs and highlighting the nucleus as an autonomous signaling organelle (triggered by GPCRs). Nuclear GPCRs are involved in physiological (namely cell proliferation, transcription, angiogenesis and survival) and disease processes (cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc.). In this review we summarize emerging evidence on nuclear GPCRs expression/function (with some nuclear GPCRs evidencing atypical/disruptive signaling pathways) in non-communicable disease, thus, bringing nuclear GPCRs as targets to the forefront of debate. |
topic |
GPCRs cancer cardiovascular diseases ligands nuclear GPCR signaling GPCR-based therapeutics |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/14/5/439 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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