Infectious etiologies of genital elephantiasis outside of filariasis endemic regions: a case report

• Main Authors: Youssef Kharbach, Zakaria Bakali Issaoui, Youssef Retal, Abdelhak Khallouk
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: SpringerOpen 2020-10-01
• Series: African Journal of Urology
• Subjects: Elephantiasis; Lymphedema; Filariasis; Scrotum
• Online Access: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12301-020-00045-6

Abstract Background Isolated genital elephantiasis outside filariasis endemic tropical and subtropical regions is rare and presents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Serologic and radiographic investigation must be undertaken to exclude reversible causes of genital elephantiasis. Case presentation Authors report herein the case of a 58-year-old patient with chronic penile and scrotal elephantiasis. He had a history of untreated urethritis and an endoscopic urethrotomy for urethra stricture three years ago. Serological test for chlamydiosis was positive. Retrograde urethrocystography demonstrated a bulbar urethra stricture. The patient spectacularly and completely improved after endoscopic urethrotomy and long-term doxycycline. Conclusions Early treatment of sexual transmitted infections such as chlamydiosis is important to prevent the evolution of penoscrotal elephantiasis and to avoid surgical procedures.