Liver fatty acids composition in the sterlet of different ages

• Main Authors: Roza Suleimanova, Dmytro Melnichuk, Liliia Kalachniuk
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: PC Technology Center 2018-08-01
• Series: ScienceRise: Biological Science
• Subjects: стерлядь; печінка; ліпіди; насичені жирні кислоти; мононенасичені жирні кислоти; поліненасичені жирні кислоти
• Online Access: http://journals.uran.ua/sr_bio/article/view/141406

Lipids are important factors in the response of organisms to exogenous action due to their role in energy metabolism and cellular signaling as a structural compound of biomembranes. To date, the features of the fatty acid composition of lipids, in particular in their various fractions, in the tissues of sterlet of different age have been studied to a lesser extent. This determines the topicality of deepening such research, which will be of great practical importance in the future, since it will be aimed at increasing adaptation potential and survival of sturgeon fish, especially given their high cost. Here we present changes of fatty acid composition in different lipid fractions of the liver of sterlet of different age (namely two-, three- and nine-year-old) with masses 0.3 - 0.4, 0.5 - 0.6 and 5 - 6 kg for the age-groups of fish, respectively. Fatty acid (FA) composition was determined using gas chromatography on CarloErba (Italy) in Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU). The fatty acid composition of lipids of sterlet liver tissues is represented by saturated and unsaturated high-molecular carboxylic acids, the largest content of which belongs to palmitic, stearic, and oleic, linoleic acids, respectively. With increasing sterlet age, fractions of triacylglycerols (TAG) of the liver tissues were found, mainly, reducing saturated and increasing unsaturated fatty acids. Depending on the increase in the unsaturation of high molecular weight carboxylic acids, a significant decrease in the amount of their monoenic (1.7 times), dienic (1.8 times) and, especially, polyenic (4 times) was observed. The amount of TAG unsaturated FA in the liver of 9-year-old sterlet was significantly lowered (~ 2 times) compared to 2- and 3-year-old individuals. Hence, the ratio of saturated and unsaturated FA was greater (~ 2 times) in the 9-year-old sterlet compared with the values of this indicator for two- and three-year-old fish. In the phospholipids of sterlet liver tissues, with an increase of age, a slight increase in the saturated FA content and a decrease in the level of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids were recorded. Among the free fatty acids in the liver of sterlet, we identified 27 acids, of them 44%, 41 %, and 35 % were saturated in 2-, 3-year-old and mature fish, respectively. As for free fatty acids, we can conclude the age-dependent decreasing of saturated fatty acids. Monounsaturated FA content was 27 %, 31 % and 47 % in 2-, 3-year-old and adult sterlet fish, and polyunsaturated FA content –27 %, 25 % and 15 %, respectively. All this can be used for the theoretical justification and development of appropriate corrective feed additives and premixes