The risks of liver injury in COVID-19 patients and pharmacological management to reduce or prevent the damage induced
Abstract Background The global pandemic COVID-19 caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has already caused about 1.4 million deaths, and to date, there are no effective or direct antiviral vaccines. Some vaccines are in the last stages of testing. Overall mortality rates vary between countries, fo...
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doaj-c3a14512bf27490bb849bd497defdeca2021-01-31T16:17:35ZengSpringerOpenEgyptian Liver Journal2090-62262021-01-011111610.1186/s43066-021-00082-yThe risks of liver injury in COVID-19 patients and pharmacological management to reduce or prevent the damage inducedAntonio Vitiello0Raffaele La Porta1Vilma D’Aiuto2Francesco Ferrara3Pharmaceutical Department, Usl Umbria 1Pathology Department, ASUR MarchePharmaceutical Department, Usl Umbria 1Pharmaceutical Department, Usl Umbria 1Abstract Background The global pandemic COVID-19 caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has already caused about 1.4 million deaths, and to date, there are no effective or direct antiviral vaccines. Some vaccines are in the last stages of testing. Overall mortality rates vary between countries, for example, from a minimum of 0.05% in Singapore to a maximum of 9.75 in Mexico; however, mortality and severity of COVID-19 are higher in the elderly and in those with comorbidities already present such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease. Main text Recent evidence has shown that an underlying liver disease can also be a risk factor, and SARS-CoV-2 itself can cause direct or indirect damage to liver tissue through multisystem inflammation generated especially in the more severe stages. In the current pandemic, liver dysfunction has been observed in 14–53% of patients with severe COVID-19. In addition, drugs administered during infection may be an additional factor of liver damage. The mechanism of cellular penetration of the virus that occurs by viral entry is through the receptors of the angiotensin 2 conversion enzyme (ACE-2) host that are abundantly present in type II pneumocytes, heart cells, but also liver cholangiocytes. Conclusion In this manuscript, we describe the clinical management aimed at preserving the liver or reducing the damage caused by COVID-19 and anti-COVID-19 drug treatments.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43066-021-00082-yLiver fibrosisLiver damageCOVID-19-SARS-CoV-2Obeticholic acid |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Antonio Vitiello Raffaele La Porta Vilma D’Aiuto Francesco Ferrara |
spellingShingle |
Antonio Vitiello Raffaele La Porta Vilma D’Aiuto Francesco Ferrara The risks of liver injury in COVID-19 patients and pharmacological management to reduce or prevent the damage induced Egyptian Liver Journal Liver fibrosis Liver damage COVID-19-SARS-CoV-2 Obeticholic acid |
author_facet |
Antonio Vitiello Raffaele La Porta Vilma D’Aiuto Francesco Ferrara |
author_sort |
Antonio Vitiello |
title |
The risks of liver injury in COVID-19 patients and pharmacological management to reduce or prevent the damage induced |
title_short |
The risks of liver injury in COVID-19 patients and pharmacological management to reduce or prevent the damage induced |
title_full |
The risks of liver injury in COVID-19 patients and pharmacological management to reduce or prevent the damage induced |
title_fullStr |
The risks of liver injury in COVID-19 patients and pharmacological management to reduce or prevent the damage induced |
title_full_unstemmed |
The risks of liver injury in COVID-19 patients and pharmacological management to reduce or prevent the damage induced |
title_sort |
risks of liver injury in covid-19 patients and pharmacological management to reduce or prevent the damage induced |
publisher |
SpringerOpen |
series |
Egyptian Liver Journal |
issn |
2090-6226 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Abstract Background The global pandemic COVID-19 caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has already caused about 1.4 million deaths, and to date, there are no effective or direct antiviral vaccines. Some vaccines are in the last stages of testing. Overall mortality rates vary between countries, for example, from a minimum of 0.05% in Singapore to a maximum of 9.75 in Mexico; however, mortality and severity of COVID-19 are higher in the elderly and in those with comorbidities already present such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease. Main text Recent evidence has shown that an underlying liver disease can also be a risk factor, and SARS-CoV-2 itself can cause direct or indirect damage to liver tissue through multisystem inflammation generated especially in the more severe stages. In the current pandemic, liver dysfunction has been observed in 14–53% of patients with severe COVID-19. In addition, drugs administered during infection may be an additional factor of liver damage. The mechanism of cellular penetration of the virus that occurs by viral entry is through the receptors of the angiotensin 2 conversion enzyme (ACE-2) host that are abundantly present in type II pneumocytes, heart cells, but also liver cholangiocytes. Conclusion In this manuscript, we describe the clinical management aimed at preserving the liver or reducing the damage caused by COVID-19 and anti-COVID-19 drug treatments. |
topic |
Liver fibrosis Liver damage COVID-19-SARS-CoV-2 Obeticholic acid |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s43066-021-00082-y |
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