Natural Selection Towards Wild-Type in Composite Cross Populations of Winter Wheat
Most of our crops are grown in monoculture with single genotypes grown over wide acreage. An alternative approach, where segregating populations are used as crops, is an exciting possibility, but outcomes of natural selection upon this type of crop are not well understood. We tracked allelic frequen...
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doaj-c3a7617e6dc64224bda5d1c46841d6e22020-11-25T03:03:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2020-02-011010.3389/fpls.2019.01757495400Natural Selection Towards Wild-Type in Composite Cross Populations of Winter WheatSamuel Knapp0Samuel Knapp1Thomas F. Döring2Thomas F. Döring3Hannah E. Jones4John Snape5Luzie U. Wingen6Martin S. Wolfe7Michelle Leverington-Waite8Simon Griffiths9John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United KingdomPlant Nutrition, Technical University of Munich, Freising, GermanyThe Organic Research Centre, Hamstead Marshall, United KingdomAgroecology and Organic Farming Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, GermanyThe School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, United KingdomJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United KingdomJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United KingdomThe Organic Research Centre, Hamstead Marshall, United KingdomJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United KingdomJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United KingdomMost of our crops are grown in monoculture with single genotypes grown over wide acreage. An alternative approach, where segregating populations are used as crops, is an exciting possibility, but outcomes of natural selection upon this type of crop are not well understood. We tracked allelic frequency changes in evolving composite cross populations of wheat grown over 10 generations under organic and conventional farming. At three generations, each population was genotyped with 19 SSR and 8 SNP markers. The latter were diagnostic for major functional genes. Gene diversity was constant at SSR markers but decreased over time for SNP markers. Population differentiation between the four locations could not be detected, suggesting that organic vs. non-organic crop management did not drive allele frequency changes. However, we did see changes for genes controlling plant height and phenology in all populations independently and consistently. We interpret these changes as the result of a consistent natural selection towards wild-type. Independent selection for alleles that are associated with plant height suggests that competition for light was central, resulting in the predominance of stronger intraspecific competitors, and highlighting a potential trade-off between individual and population performance.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.01757/fullcropping systemevolutiongenetic diversitynatural selectionplant height |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Samuel Knapp Samuel Knapp Thomas F. Döring Thomas F. Döring Hannah E. Jones John Snape Luzie U. Wingen Martin S. Wolfe Michelle Leverington-Waite Simon Griffiths |
spellingShingle |
Samuel Knapp Samuel Knapp Thomas F. Döring Thomas F. Döring Hannah E. Jones John Snape Luzie U. Wingen Martin S. Wolfe Michelle Leverington-Waite Simon Griffiths Natural Selection Towards Wild-Type in Composite Cross Populations of Winter Wheat Frontiers in Plant Science cropping system evolution genetic diversity natural selection plant height |
author_facet |
Samuel Knapp Samuel Knapp Thomas F. Döring Thomas F. Döring Hannah E. Jones John Snape Luzie U. Wingen Martin S. Wolfe Michelle Leverington-Waite Simon Griffiths |
author_sort |
Samuel Knapp |
title |
Natural Selection Towards Wild-Type in Composite Cross Populations of Winter Wheat |
title_short |
Natural Selection Towards Wild-Type in Composite Cross Populations of Winter Wheat |
title_full |
Natural Selection Towards Wild-Type in Composite Cross Populations of Winter Wheat |
title_fullStr |
Natural Selection Towards Wild-Type in Composite Cross Populations of Winter Wheat |
title_full_unstemmed |
Natural Selection Towards Wild-Type in Composite Cross Populations of Winter Wheat |
title_sort |
natural selection towards wild-type in composite cross populations of winter wheat |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
issn |
1664-462X |
publishDate |
2020-02-01 |
description |
Most of our crops are grown in monoculture with single genotypes grown over wide acreage. An alternative approach, where segregating populations are used as crops, is an exciting possibility, but outcomes of natural selection upon this type of crop are not well understood. We tracked allelic frequency changes in evolving composite cross populations of wheat grown over 10 generations under organic and conventional farming. At three generations, each population was genotyped with 19 SSR and 8 SNP markers. The latter were diagnostic for major functional genes. Gene diversity was constant at SSR markers but decreased over time for SNP markers. Population differentiation between the four locations could not be detected, suggesting that organic vs. non-organic crop management did not drive allele frequency changes. However, we did see changes for genes controlling plant height and phenology in all populations independently and consistently. We interpret these changes as the result of a consistent natural selection towards wild-type. Independent selection for alleles that are associated with plant height suggests that competition for light was central, resulting in the predominance of stronger intraspecific competitors, and highlighting a potential trade-off between individual and population performance. |
topic |
cropping system evolution genetic diversity natural selection plant height |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.01757/full |
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