Prophylactic Bacteriophage Administration More Effective than Post-Infection Administration in Reducing Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis Shedding in Quail
Infections caused by Salmonella bacteria, often through poultry products, are a serious public health issue. Because of drawbacks associated with antibiotic prophylaxis, alternative treatments are sought. Bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) may provide an effective alternative, but concerns remain wi...
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doaj-c4441d3b6b7244d58a26d67b37e6e4622020-11-24T23:23:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2016-08-01710.3389/fmicb.2016.01253210018Prophylactic Bacteriophage Administration More Effective than Post-Infection Administration in Reducing Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis Shedding in QuailMosab Ahmadi0Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi1shaban rahimi2John Dennehy3Tarbiat Modares UniversityTarbiat Modares UniversityTarbiat Modares UniversityQueens College and The Graduate Center of the City University of New YorkInfections caused by Salmonella bacteria, often through poultry products, are a serious public health issue. Because of drawbacks associated with antibiotic prophylaxis, alternative treatments are sought. Bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) may provide an effective alternative, but concerns remain with respect to bacteriophage stability and effectiveness. To this end, we assessed the stability of a novel bacteriophage isolated from poultry excreta, siphovirus PSE, and its effectiveness in reducing Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis colonization in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we sought to determine how the timing (prophylactic or therapeutic) and route (oral gavage or vent lip) of PSE administration impacted its effectiveness. Here we report that significant quantities of viable PSE bacteriophages were recovered following exposure to high and low pH, high temperatures, and bile salts, testifying to its ability to survive extreme conditions. In addition, we found that ileal lactic acid bacteria and Streptococcus spp. counts increased, but colibacilli and total aerobe counts decreased, in quail receiving phage PSE through both oral gavage and vent lip routes. In other experiments, we assessed the efficiency of PSE administration, in both prophylactic and therapeutic contexts, via either oral gavage or vent lip administration, on S. Enteritidis colonization of quail cecal tonsils. Our results demonstrate that administration of PSE as a preventive agent could reduce the S. Enteritidis colonization more effectively than post-challenge administration. Furthermore, oral administration of PSE phage is a more effective prophylactic tool for reduction of S. Enteritidis shedding in poultry than is vent lip administration.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01253/fullSalmonella enteritidisphage therapyMicroflora populationProphylactic agentphage administration method |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mosab Ahmadi Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi shaban rahimi John Dennehy |
spellingShingle |
Mosab Ahmadi Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi shaban rahimi John Dennehy Prophylactic Bacteriophage Administration More Effective than Post-Infection Administration in Reducing Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis Shedding in Quail Frontiers in Microbiology Salmonella enteritidis phage therapy Microflora population Prophylactic agent phage administration method |
author_facet |
Mosab Ahmadi Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi shaban rahimi John Dennehy |
author_sort |
Mosab Ahmadi |
title |
Prophylactic Bacteriophage Administration More Effective than Post-Infection Administration in Reducing Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis Shedding in Quail |
title_short |
Prophylactic Bacteriophage Administration More Effective than Post-Infection Administration in Reducing Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis Shedding in Quail |
title_full |
Prophylactic Bacteriophage Administration More Effective than Post-Infection Administration in Reducing Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis Shedding in Quail |
title_fullStr |
Prophylactic Bacteriophage Administration More Effective than Post-Infection Administration in Reducing Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis Shedding in Quail |
title_full_unstemmed |
Prophylactic Bacteriophage Administration More Effective than Post-Infection Administration in Reducing Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis Shedding in Quail |
title_sort |
prophylactic bacteriophage administration more effective than post-infection administration in reducing salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis shedding in quail |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
issn |
1664-302X |
publishDate |
2016-08-01 |
description |
Infections caused by Salmonella bacteria, often through poultry products, are a serious public health issue. Because of drawbacks associated with antibiotic prophylaxis, alternative treatments are sought. Bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) may provide an effective alternative, but concerns remain with respect to bacteriophage stability and effectiveness. To this end, we assessed the stability of a novel bacteriophage isolated from poultry excreta, siphovirus PSE, and its effectiveness in reducing Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis colonization in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we sought to determine how the timing (prophylactic or therapeutic) and route (oral gavage or vent lip) of PSE administration impacted its effectiveness. Here we report that significant quantities of viable PSE bacteriophages were recovered following exposure to high and low pH, high temperatures, and bile salts, testifying to its ability to survive extreme conditions. In addition, we found that ileal lactic acid bacteria and Streptococcus spp. counts increased, but colibacilli and total aerobe counts decreased, in quail receiving phage PSE through both oral gavage and vent lip routes. In other experiments, we assessed the efficiency of PSE administration, in both prophylactic and therapeutic contexts, via either oral gavage or vent lip administration, on S. Enteritidis colonization of quail cecal tonsils. Our results demonstrate that administration of PSE as a preventive agent could reduce the S. Enteritidis colonization more effectively than post-challenge administration. Furthermore, oral administration of PSE phage is a more effective prophylactic tool for reduction of S. Enteritidis shedding in poultry than is vent lip administration. |
topic |
Salmonella enteritidis phage therapy Microflora population Prophylactic agent phage administration method |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01253/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT mosabahmadi prophylacticbacteriophageadministrationmoreeffectivethanpostinfectionadministrationinreducingsalmonellaentericaserovarenteritidissheddinginquail AT mohammadamirkarimitorshizi prophylacticbacteriophageadministrationmoreeffectivethanpostinfectionadministrationinreducingsalmonellaentericaserovarenteritidissheddinginquail AT shabanrahimi prophylacticbacteriophageadministrationmoreeffectivethanpostinfectionadministrationinreducingsalmonellaentericaserovarenteritidissheddinginquail AT johndennehy prophylacticbacteriophageadministrationmoreeffectivethanpostinfectionadministrationinreducingsalmonellaentericaserovarenteritidissheddinginquail |
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