Guarani Aquifer System exploitation in Araraquara

• Main Authors: Ricardo Hirata, Marcus Sangiorge Ucci, Ingo Wahnfried, Juliana Baitz Viviani-Lima
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Universidade de São Paulo 2012-08-01
• Series: Geologia USP. Série Científica
• Subjects: Aquifer; Araraquara; Guarani Aquifer System; Hidrogeology; Overexploitation.
• Online Access: http://ppegeo.igc.usp.br/pdf/guspsc/v12n2/a08v12n2.pdf

Araraquara is one of the many urban centers in the State of São Paulo that are supplied by the Guarani Aquifer System.This city has more than 245 production wells that exploit over 70,500 m3/d. Only 12 of these wells represent 50%of the total yield and are operated by the public water supply company. The objective of this paper was to characterizethe potentiality of the Guarani Aquifer System in the area, by assessing both exploitation and hydraulic head evolutionover time. Specific pumping tests have shown that the Guarani Aquifer System has an excellent transmissivity(T = 120 to 333 m2/d), with average flow rates of 108 m3/h and specific capacity from 0.1 to 13 m3/h/m. The historicwater levels (maps for 1972 to 1983, 1985 to 1995 and 1996 to 2003) demonstrated the evolution of the drawdown.In the city center, the average drawdown is 10 to 15 m, which shows that the hydraulic interferences are still within areasonable and manageable range. An assessment of the interferences between wells was also carried out, and showedthat a well pumping at a rate of 200 m3/h would produce a drawdown of 32 and 21 m at distances of 100 and 1,000 m,respectively. From this situation, it is possible to conclude that the exploitation over a 30-year period does not pointto an overexploitation problem.