Hydrophilic Biocompatible Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-Maleic Acid) Polymer as a Surface-Coating Ligand of Ultrasmall Gd2O3 Nanoparticles to Obtain a High r1 Value and T1 MR Images

The water proton spin relaxivity, colloidal stability, and biocompatibility of nanoparticle-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents depend on the surface-coating ligands. Here, poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) (PAAMA) (Mw = ~3000 amu) is explored as a surface-c...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Yeong-Ji Jang, Shuwen Liu, Huan Yue, Ji Ae Park, Hyunsil Cha, Son Long Ho, Shanti Marasini, Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari, Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad, Xu Miao, Tirusew Tegafaw, Kwon-Seok Chae, Yongmin Chang, Gang Ho Lee
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2021-12-01
Series:	Diagnostics
Subjects:	poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticle relaxivity colloidal stability biocompatibility magnetic resonance imaging agent
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/1/2

id	doaj-c541f202b408482889fd44593fee4b67
record_format	Article
spelling	doaj-c541f202b408482889fd44593fee4b672020-12-23T00:03:39ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182021-12-01112210.3390/diagnostics11010002Hydrophilic Biocompatible Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-Maleic Acid) Polymer as a Surface-Coating Ligand of Ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles to Obtain a High r<sub>1</sub> Value and T<sub>1</sub> MR ImagesYeong-Ji Jang0Shuwen Liu1Huan Yue2Ji Ae Park3Hyunsil Cha4Son Long Ho5Shanti Marasini6Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari7Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad8Xu Miao9Tirusew Tegafaw10Kwon-Seok Chae11Yongmin Chang12Gang Ho Lee13Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, KoreaDivision of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, KoreaDepartment of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41944, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Biology Education, Teachers’ College, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41944, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, KoreaThe water proton spin relaxivity, colloidal stability, and biocompatibility of nanoparticle-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents depend on the surface-coating ligands. Here, poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) (PAAMA) (M<sub>w</sub> = ~3000 amu) is explored as a surface-coating ligand of ultrasmall gadolinium oxide (Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanoparticles. Owing to the numerous carboxylic groups in PAAMA, which allow its strong conjugation with the nanoparticle surfaces and the attraction of abundant water molecules to the nanoparticles, the synthesized PAAMA-coated ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles (d<sub>avg</sub> = 1.8 nm and a<sub>avg</sub> = 9.0 nm) exhibit excellent colloidal stability, extremely low cellular toxicity, and a high longitudinal water proton spin relaxivity (r<sub>1</sub>) of 40.6 s<sup>−1</sup>mM<sup>−1</sup> (r<sub>2</sub>/r<sub>1</sub> = 1.56, where r<sub>2</sub> = transverse water proton spin relaxivity), which is approximately 10 times higher than those of commercial molecular contrast agents. The effectiveness of PAAMA-coated ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles as a T<sub>1</sub> MRI contrast agent is confirmed by the high positive contrast enhancements of the in vivo T<sub>1</sub> MR images at the 3.0 T MR field.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/1/2poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid)ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticlerelaxivitycolloidal stabilitybiocompatibilitymagnetic resonance imaging agent
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Yeong-Ji Jang Shuwen Liu Huan Yue Ji Ae Park Hyunsil Cha Son Long Ho Shanti Marasini Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad Xu Miao Tirusew Tegafaw Kwon-Seok Chae Yongmin Chang Gang Ho Lee
spellingShingle	Yeong-Ji Jang Shuwen Liu Huan Yue Ji Ae Park Hyunsil Cha Son Long Ho Shanti Marasini Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad Xu Miao Tirusew Tegafaw Kwon-Seok Chae Yongmin Chang Gang Ho Lee Hydrophilic Biocompatible Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-Maleic Acid) Polymer as a Surface-Coating Ligand of Ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles to Obtain a High r<sub>1</sub> Value and T<sub>1</sub> MR Images Diagnostics poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticle relaxivity colloidal stability biocompatibility magnetic resonance imaging agent
author_facet	Yeong-Ji Jang Shuwen Liu Huan Yue Ji Ae Park Hyunsil Cha Son Long Ho Shanti Marasini Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad Xu Miao Tirusew Tegafaw Kwon-Seok Chae Yongmin Chang Gang Ho Lee
author_sort	Yeong-Ji Jang
title	Hydrophilic Biocompatible Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-Maleic Acid) Polymer as a Surface-Coating Ligand of Ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles to Obtain a High r<sub>1</sub> Value and T<sub>1</sub> MR Images
title_short	Hydrophilic Biocompatible Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-Maleic Acid) Polymer as a Surface-Coating Ligand of Ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles to Obtain a High r<sub>1</sub> Value and T<sub>1</sub> MR Images
title_full	Hydrophilic Biocompatible Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-Maleic Acid) Polymer as a Surface-Coating Ligand of Ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles to Obtain a High r<sub>1</sub> Value and T<sub>1</sub> MR Images
title_fullStr	Hydrophilic Biocompatible Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-Maleic Acid) Polymer as a Surface-Coating Ligand of Ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles to Obtain a High r<sub>1</sub> Value and T<sub>1</sub> MR Images
title_full_unstemmed	Hydrophilic Biocompatible Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-Maleic Acid) Polymer as a Surface-Coating Ligand of Ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles to Obtain a High r<sub>1</sub> Value and T<sub>1</sub> MR Images
title_sort	hydrophilic biocompatible poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) polymer as a surface-coating ligand of ultrasmall gd<sub>2</sub>o<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles to obtain a high r<sub>1</sub> value and t<sub>1</sub> mr images
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Diagnostics
issn	2075-4418
publishDate	2021-12-01
description	The water proton spin relaxivity, colloidal stability, and biocompatibility of nanoparticle-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents depend on the surface-coating ligands. Here, poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) (PAAMA) (M<sub>w</sub> = ~3000 amu) is explored as a surface-coating ligand of ultrasmall gadolinium oxide (Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanoparticles. Owing to the numerous carboxylic groups in PAAMA, which allow its strong conjugation with the nanoparticle surfaces and the attraction of abundant water molecules to the nanoparticles, the synthesized PAAMA-coated ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles (d<sub>avg</sub> = 1.8 nm and a<sub>avg</sub> = 9.0 nm) exhibit excellent colloidal stability, extremely low cellular toxicity, and a high longitudinal water proton spin relaxivity (r<sub>1</sub>) of 40.6 s<sup>−1</sup>mM<sup>−1</sup> (r<sub>2</sub>/r<sub>1</sub> = 1.56, where r<sub>2</sub> = transverse water proton spin relaxivity), which is approximately 10 times higher than those of commercial molecular contrast agents. The effectiveness of PAAMA-coated ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles as a T<sub>1</sub> MRI contrast agent is confirmed by the high positive contrast enhancements of the in vivo T<sub>1</sub> MR images at the 3.0 T MR field.
topic	poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticle relaxivity colloidal stability biocompatibility magnetic resonance imaging agent
url	https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/1/2
work_keys_str_mv	AT yeongjijang hydrophilicbiocompatiblepolyacrylicacidcomaleicacidpolymerasasurfacecoatingligandofultrasmallgdsub2subosub3subnanoparticlestoobtainahighrsub1subvalueandtsub1submrimages AT shuwenliu hydrophilicbiocompatiblepolyacrylicacidcomaleicacidpolymerasasurfacecoatingligandofultrasmallgdsub2subosub3subnanoparticlestoobtainahighrsub1subvalueandtsub1submrimages AT huanyue hydrophilicbiocompatiblepolyacrylicacidcomaleicacidpolymerasasurfacecoatingligandofultrasmallgdsub2subosub3subnanoparticlestoobtainahighrsub1subvalueandtsub1submrimages AT jiaepark hydrophilicbiocompatiblepolyacrylicacidcomaleicacidpolymerasasurfacecoatingligandofultrasmallgdsub2subosub3subnanoparticlestoobtainahighrsub1subvalueandtsub1submrimages AT hyunsilcha hydrophilicbiocompatiblepolyacrylicacidcomaleicacidpolymerasasurfacecoatingligandofultrasmallgdsub2subosub3subnanoparticlestoobtainahighrsub1subvalueandtsub1submrimages AT sonlongho hydrophilicbiocompatiblepolyacrylicacidcomaleicacidpolymerasasurfacecoatingligandofultrasmallgdsub2subosub3subnanoparticlestoobtainahighrsub1subvalueandtsub1submrimages AT shantimarasini hydrophilicbiocompatiblepolyacrylicacidcomaleicacidpolymerasasurfacecoatingligandofultrasmallgdsub2subosub3subnanoparticlestoobtainahighrsub1subvalueandtsub1submrimages AT adibehalsadatghazanfari hydrophilicbiocompatiblepolyacrylicacidcomaleicacidpolymerasasurfacecoatingligandofultrasmallgdsub2subosub3subnanoparticlestoobtainahighrsub1subvalueandtsub1submrimages AT mohammadyaseenahmad hydrophilicbiocompatiblepolyacrylicacidcomaleicacidpolymerasasurfacecoatingligandofultrasmallgdsub2subosub3subnanoparticlestoobtainahighrsub1subvalueandtsub1submrimages AT xumiao hydrophilicbiocompatiblepolyacrylicacidcomaleicacidpolymerasasurfacecoatingligandofultrasmallgdsub2subosub3subnanoparticlestoobtainahighrsub1subvalueandtsub1submrimages AT tirusewtegafaw hydrophilicbiocompatiblepolyacrylicacidcomaleicacidpolymerasasurfacecoatingligandofultrasmallgdsub2subosub3subnanoparticlestoobtainahighrsub1subvalueandtsub1submrimages AT kwonseokchae hydrophilicbiocompatiblepolyacrylicacidcomaleicacidpolymerasasurfacecoatingligandofultrasmallgdsub2subosub3subnanoparticlestoobtainahighrsub1subvalueandtsub1submrimages AT yongminchang hydrophilicbiocompatiblepolyacrylicacidcomaleicacidpolymerasasurfacecoatingligandofultrasmallgdsub2subosub3subnanoparticlestoobtainahighrsub1subvalueandtsub1submrimages AT gangholee hydrophilicbiocompatiblepolyacrylicacidcomaleicacidpolymerasasurfacecoatingligandofultrasmallgdsub2subosub3subnanoparticlestoobtainahighrsub1subvalueandtsub1submrimages
_version_	1724373927725105152

Hydrophilic Biocompatible Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-Maleic Acid) Polymer as a Surface-Coating Ligand of Ultrasmall Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles to Obtain a High r<sub>1</sub> Value and T<sub>1</sub> MR Images

Similar Items