How Fungal Glycans Modulate Platelet Activation via Toll-Like Receptors Contributing to the Escape of <i>Candida albicans</i> from the Immune Response
Platelets are essential for vascular repair and for the maintenance of blood homeostasis. They contribute to the immune defence of the host against many infections caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi. Following infection, platelet function is modified, and these cells form aggregates with microorg...
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doaj-c65143c1f9ae4960a75f0b164433ef762020-11-25T03:12:42ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822020-07-01938538510.3390/antibiotics9070385How Fungal Glycans Modulate Platelet Activation via Toll-Like Receptors Contributing to the Escape of <i>Candida albicans</i> from the Immune ResponseSamir Jawhara0Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1285, Faculté de Médecine, 1 Place Verdun, 59000 Lille, FrancePlatelets are essential for vascular repair and for the maintenance of blood homeostasis. They contribute to the immune defence of the host against many infections caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi. Following infection, platelet function is modified, and these cells form aggregates with microorganisms leading, to a decrease in the level of circulating platelets. During candidaemia, mannans, β-glucans and chitin, exposed on the cell wall of <i>Candida albicans</i>, an opportunistic pathogenic yeast of humans, play an important role in modulation of the host response. These fungal polysaccharides are released into the circulation during infection and their detection allows the early diagnosis of invasive fungal infections. However, their role in the modulation of the immune response and, in particular, that of platelets, is not well understood. The structure and solubility of glycans play an important role in the orientation of the immune response of the host. This short review focuses on the effect of fungal β-glucans and chitin on platelet activation and how these glycans modulate platelet activity via Toll-like receptors, contributing to the escape of <i>C. albicans</i> from the immune response.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/7/385platelets<i>Candida albicans</i>glycansβ-glucanschitinToll-like receptors |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Samir Jawhara |
spellingShingle |
Samir Jawhara How Fungal Glycans Modulate Platelet Activation via Toll-Like Receptors Contributing to the Escape of <i>Candida albicans</i> from the Immune Response Antibiotics platelets <i>Candida albicans</i> glycans β-glucans chitin Toll-like receptors |
author_facet |
Samir Jawhara |
author_sort |
Samir Jawhara |
title |
How Fungal Glycans Modulate Platelet Activation via Toll-Like Receptors Contributing to the Escape of <i>Candida albicans</i> from the Immune Response |
title_short |
How Fungal Glycans Modulate Platelet Activation via Toll-Like Receptors Contributing to the Escape of <i>Candida albicans</i> from the Immune Response |
title_full |
How Fungal Glycans Modulate Platelet Activation via Toll-Like Receptors Contributing to the Escape of <i>Candida albicans</i> from the Immune Response |
title_fullStr |
How Fungal Glycans Modulate Platelet Activation via Toll-Like Receptors Contributing to the Escape of <i>Candida albicans</i> from the Immune Response |
title_full_unstemmed |
How Fungal Glycans Modulate Platelet Activation via Toll-Like Receptors Contributing to the Escape of <i>Candida albicans</i> from the Immune Response |
title_sort |
how fungal glycans modulate platelet activation via toll-like receptors contributing to the escape of <i>candida albicans</i> from the immune response |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Antibiotics |
issn |
2079-6382 |
publishDate |
2020-07-01 |
description |
Platelets are essential for vascular repair and for the maintenance of blood homeostasis. They contribute to the immune defence of the host against many infections caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi. Following infection, platelet function is modified, and these cells form aggregates with microorganisms leading, to a decrease in the level of circulating platelets. During candidaemia, mannans, β-glucans and chitin, exposed on the cell wall of <i>Candida albicans</i>, an opportunistic pathogenic yeast of humans, play an important role in modulation of the host response. These fungal polysaccharides are released into the circulation during infection and their detection allows the early diagnosis of invasive fungal infections. However, their role in the modulation of the immune response and, in particular, that of platelets, is not well understood. The structure and solubility of glycans play an important role in the orientation of the immune response of the host. This short review focuses on the effect of fungal β-glucans and chitin on platelet activation and how these glycans modulate platelet activity via Toll-like receptors, contributing to the escape of <i>C. albicans</i> from the immune response. |
topic |
platelets <i>Candida albicans</i> glycans β-glucans chitin Toll-like receptors |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/7/385 |
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