Neuroprotective effects of chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of Nigella sativa seeds in stroke model of rat
Purpose: Stroke still remains a challenge for the researchers and scientists for developing ideal drug. Several new drugs are being evaluated showing excellent results in preclinical studies but when tested in clinical trials, they failed. Many herbal drugs in different indigenous system of medicine...
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2013-01-01
|
Series: | Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.jpbsonline.org/article.asp?issn=0975-7406;year=2013;volume=5;issue=2;spage=119;epage=125;aulast=Akhtar |
id |
doaj-c77fa66f905d4f5c81c6feb89493d04a |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-c77fa66f905d4f5c81c6feb89493d04a2020-11-24T20:42:11ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences0975-74060976-48792013-01-015211912510.4103/0975-7406.111825Neuroprotective effects of chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of Nigella sativa seeds in stroke model of ratMohammad AkhtarAliyu Muhammad MaikiyoAbul Kalam NajmiRazia KhanamMohd MujeebMohd AqilPurpose: Stroke still remains a challenge for the researchers and scientists for developing ideal drug. Several new drugs are being evaluated showing excellent results in preclinical studies but when tested in clinical trials, they failed. Many herbal drugs in different indigenous system of medicine claim to have beneficial effects but not extensively evaluated for stroke (cerebral ischemia). Aim: The present study was undertaken to evaluate chloroform and petroleum ether extract of Nigella sativa seeds administered at a dose of 400 mg/kg, per orally for seven days in middle cerebral artery occluded (MCAO) rats for its neuroprotective role in cerebral ischemia. Materials and Methods: Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for two hours followed by reperfusion for 22 hours. After 24 hours, grip strength, locomotor activity tests were performed in different treatment groups of rats. After completing behavioral tests, animals were sacrificed; brains were removed for the measurement of infarct volume followed by the estimation of markers of oxidative stress. Results: Both chloroform and petroleum ether extracts-pretreated rats showed improvement in locomotor activity and grip strength, reduced infarct volume when compared with MCAO rats. MCA occlusion resulted in the elevation of levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), while a reduction in the levels of glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase levels were observed. Pre-treatment of both extracts of Nigella sativa showed reduction in TBARS, elevation in glutathione, SOD, and catalase levels when compared with MCAO rats. Conclusion: The chloroform and petroleum ether extract of Nigella sativa showed the protective effects in cerebral ischemia. The present study confirms the antioxidant, free radical scavenging, and anti-inflammatory properties of Nigella sativa already reported.http://www.jpbsonline.org/article.asp?issn=0975-7406;year=2013;volume=5;issue=2;spage=119;epage=125;aulast=AkhtarChloroformcerebral ischemianeuroprotective effectspetroleum ether extractNigella sativa |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mohammad Akhtar Aliyu Muhammad Maikiyo Abul Kalam Najmi Razia Khanam Mohd Mujeeb Mohd Aqil |
spellingShingle |
Mohammad Akhtar Aliyu Muhammad Maikiyo Abul Kalam Najmi Razia Khanam Mohd Mujeeb Mohd Aqil Neuroprotective effects of chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of Nigella sativa seeds in stroke model of rat Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences Chloroform cerebral ischemia neuroprotective effects petroleum ether extract Nigella sativa |
author_facet |
Mohammad Akhtar Aliyu Muhammad Maikiyo Abul Kalam Najmi Razia Khanam Mohd Mujeeb Mohd Aqil |
author_sort |
Mohammad Akhtar |
title |
Neuroprotective effects of chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of Nigella sativa seeds in stroke model of rat |
title_short |
Neuroprotective effects of chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of Nigella sativa seeds in stroke model of rat |
title_full |
Neuroprotective effects of chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of Nigella sativa seeds in stroke model of rat |
title_fullStr |
Neuroprotective effects of chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of Nigella sativa seeds in stroke model of rat |
title_full_unstemmed |
Neuroprotective effects of chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of Nigella sativa seeds in stroke model of rat |
title_sort |
neuroprotective effects of chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of nigella sativa seeds in stroke model of rat |
publisher |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
series |
Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences |
issn |
0975-7406 0976-4879 |
publishDate |
2013-01-01 |
description |
Purpose: Stroke still remains a challenge for the researchers and scientists for developing ideal drug. Several new drugs are being evaluated showing excellent results in preclinical studies but when tested in clinical trials, they failed. Many herbal drugs in different indigenous system of medicine claim to have beneficial effects but not extensively evaluated for stroke (cerebral ischemia). Aim: The present study was undertaken to evaluate chloroform and petroleum ether extract of Nigella sativa seeds administered at a dose of 400 mg/kg, per orally for seven days in middle cerebral artery occluded (MCAO) rats for its neuroprotective role in cerebral ischemia. Materials and Methods: Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for two hours followed by reperfusion for 22 hours. After 24 hours, grip strength, locomotor activity tests were performed in different treatment groups of rats. After completing behavioral tests, animals were sacrificed; brains were removed for the measurement of infarct volume followed by the estimation of markers of oxidative stress. Results: Both chloroform and petroleum ether extracts-pretreated rats showed improvement in locomotor activity and grip strength, reduced infarct volume when compared with MCAO rats. MCA occlusion resulted in the elevation of levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), while a reduction in the levels of glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase levels were observed. Pre-treatment of both extracts of Nigella sativa showed reduction in TBARS, elevation in glutathione, SOD, and catalase levels when compared with MCAO rats. Conclusion: The chloroform and petroleum ether extract of Nigella sativa showed the protective effects in cerebral ischemia. The present study confirms the antioxidant, free radical scavenging, and anti-inflammatory properties of Nigella sativa already reported. |
topic |
Chloroform cerebral ischemia neuroprotective effects petroleum ether extract Nigella sativa |
url |
http://www.jpbsonline.org/article.asp?issn=0975-7406;year=2013;volume=5;issue=2;spage=119;epage=125;aulast=Akhtar |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT mohammadakhtar neuroprotectiveeffectsofchloroformandpetroleumetherextractsofnigellasativaseedsinstrokemodelofrat AT aliyumuhammadmaikiyo neuroprotectiveeffectsofchloroformandpetroleumetherextractsofnigellasativaseedsinstrokemodelofrat AT abulkalamnajmi neuroprotectiveeffectsofchloroformandpetroleumetherextractsofnigellasativaseedsinstrokemodelofrat AT raziakhanam neuroprotectiveeffectsofchloroformandpetroleumetherextractsofnigellasativaseedsinstrokemodelofrat AT mohdmujeeb neuroprotectiveeffectsofchloroformandpetroleumetherextractsofnigellasativaseedsinstrokemodelofrat AT mohdaqil neuroprotectiveeffectsofchloroformandpetroleumetherextractsofnigellasativaseedsinstrokemodelofrat |
_version_ |
1716822944044285952 |