Detection of Quorum-Sensing Molecules for Pathogenic Molecules Using Cell-Based and Cell-Free Biosensors

Since the discovery and subsequent use of penicillin, antibiotics have been used to treat most bacterial infections in the U.S. Over time, the repeated prescription of many antibiotics has given rise to many antibiotic-resistant microbes. A bacterial strain becomes resistant by horizontal gene trans...

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Main Authors:	Craig Miller, Jordon Gilmore
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2020-05-01
Series:	Antibiotics
Subjects:	quorum sensing infection biosensor
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/5/259

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spelling	doaj-c787e5dc8be64781ae1704e5949947b82020-11-25T03:00:54ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822020-05-01925925910.3390/antibiotics9050259Detection of Quorum-Sensing Molecules for Pathogenic Molecules Using Cell-Based and Cell-Free BiosensorsCraig Miller0Jordon Gilmore1Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29632, USABioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29632, USASince the discovery and subsequent use of penicillin, antibiotics have been used to treat most bacterial infections in the U.S. Over time, the repeated prescription of many antibiotics has given rise to many antibiotic-resistant microbes. A bacterial strain becomes resistant by horizontal gene transfer, where surviving microbes acquire genetic material or DNA fragments from adjacent bacteria that encode for resistance. In order to avoid significant bacterial resistance, novel and target therapeutics are needed. Further advancement of diagnostic technologies could be used to develop novel treatment strategies. The use of biosensors to detect quorum-sensing signaling molecules has the potential to provide timely diagnostic information toward mitigating the multidrug-resistant bacteria epidemic. Resistance and pathogenesis are controlled by quorum-sensing (QS) circuits. QS systems secrete or passively release signaling molecules when the bacterial concentration reaches a certain threshold. Signaling molecules give an early indication of virulence. Detection of these compounds in vitro or in vivo can be used to identify the onset of infection. Whole-cell and cell-free biosensors have been developed to detect quorum-sensing signaling molecules. This review will give an overview of quorum networks in the most common pathogens found in chronic and acute infections. Additionally, the current state of research surrounding the detection of quorum-sensing molecules will be reviewed. Followed by a discussion of future works toward the advancement of technologies to quantify quorum signaling molecules in chronic and acute infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/5/259quorum sensinginfectionbiosensor
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Craig Miller Jordon Gilmore
spellingShingle	Craig Miller Jordon Gilmore Detection of Quorum-Sensing Molecules for Pathogenic Molecules Using Cell-Based and Cell-Free Biosensors Antibiotics quorum sensing infection biosensor
author_facet	Craig Miller Jordon Gilmore
author_sort	Craig Miller
title	Detection of Quorum-Sensing Molecules for Pathogenic Molecules Using Cell-Based and Cell-Free Biosensors
title_short	Detection of Quorum-Sensing Molecules for Pathogenic Molecules Using Cell-Based and Cell-Free Biosensors
title_full	Detection of Quorum-Sensing Molecules for Pathogenic Molecules Using Cell-Based and Cell-Free Biosensors
title_fullStr	Detection of Quorum-Sensing Molecules for Pathogenic Molecules Using Cell-Based and Cell-Free Biosensors
title_full_unstemmed	Detection of Quorum-Sensing Molecules for Pathogenic Molecules Using Cell-Based and Cell-Free Biosensors
title_sort	detection of quorum-sensing molecules for pathogenic molecules using cell-based and cell-free biosensors
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Antibiotics
issn	2079-6382
publishDate	2020-05-01
description	Since the discovery and subsequent use of penicillin, antibiotics have been used to treat most bacterial infections in the U.S. Over time, the repeated prescription of many antibiotics has given rise to many antibiotic-resistant microbes. A bacterial strain becomes resistant by horizontal gene transfer, where surviving microbes acquire genetic material or DNA fragments from adjacent bacteria that encode for resistance. In order to avoid significant bacterial resistance, novel and target therapeutics are needed. Further advancement of diagnostic technologies could be used to develop novel treatment strategies. The use of biosensors to detect quorum-sensing signaling molecules has the potential to provide timely diagnostic information toward mitigating the multidrug-resistant bacteria epidemic. Resistance and pathogenesis are controlled by quorum-sensing (QS) circuits. QS systems secrete or passively release signaling molecules when the bacterial concentration reaches a certain threshold. Signaling molecules give an early indication of virulence. Detection of these compounds in vitro or in vivo can be used to identify the onset of infection. Whole-cell and cell-free biosensors have been developed to detect quorum-sensing signaling molecules. This review will give an overview of quorum networks in the most common pathogens found in chronic and acute infections. Additionally, the current state of research surrounding the detection of quorum-sensing molecules will be reviewed. Followed by a discussion of future works toward the advancement of technologies to quantify quorum signaling molecules in chronic and acute infections.
topic	quorum sensing infection biosensor
url	https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/5/259
work_keys_str_mv	AT craigmiller detectionofquorumsensingmoleculesforpathogenicmoleculesusingcellbasedandcellfreebiosensors AT jordongilmore detectionofquorumsensingmoleculesforpathogenicmoleculesusingcellbasedandcellfreebiosensors
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Detection of Quorum-Sensing Molecules for Pathogenic Molecules Using Cell-Based and Cell-Free Biosensors

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