High level of pattern glare in major depressive disorder
Abstract Background Visual deficits have been reported in abundance by recent studies on major depressive disorder. Pattern glare manifests as visual distortions, such as the symptoms of headache, glare, eyestrain, illusions of shapes, colors, and motion when viewing repetitive striped patterns, of...
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doaj-c9b596d310f94571addcb977069bc6e32020-12-20T12:37:26ZengBMCBMC Psychiatry1471-244X2019-12-011911710.1186/s12888-019-2399-6High level of pattern glare in major depressive disorderXiongwei Qi0Huanhuan Fan1Xiao Yang2Yayun Chen3Wei Deng4Wanjun Guo5Qiang Wang6Eric Chen7Tao Li8Xiaohong Ma9Psychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityPsychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityPsychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityPsychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityPsychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityPsychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityPsychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary HospitalPsychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityPsychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityAbstract Background Visual deficits have been reported in abundance by recent studies on major depressive disorder. Pattern glare manifests as visual distortions, such as the symptoms of headache, glare, eyestrain, illusions of shapes, colors, and motion when viewing repetitive striped patterns, of which some can be observed in major depressive disorder. Inspired by what mentioned, the present study aims to explore whether there exists association between pattern glare and major depressive disorder and further attempts to explore possible clinical diagnostic value of pattern glare in major depressive disorder. Methods Twenty-four patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDDs group) were compared with 30 age-, gender- and education level-matched healthy control subjects (HCs group) on their visual stress with black-and-white gratings of different spatial frequencies-0.3 (low-SF), 2.3 (mid-SF), and 9.4 (high-SF) cycles per degree (c/deg)-which was named pattern glare test. The MDDs group divided into first episode medication-free group (fMDD) and recurrent medicated group (rMDD), comparisons of pattern glare scores (PGS) were performed within the MDDs group. We used Pearson and Spearman analysis to explore the relationship between some clinical indexes and pattern glare scores. ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve was used to evaluate whether pattern glare test was able to discriminate patients and healthy controls. Results The mid-SF pattern glare score significantly elevated in patients with major depressive disorder compared to control subjects. No differences of pattern glare scores were found between fMDD and rMDD. A significant negative correlation between mid-high difference and age in HCs group was found. There were no correlations between other variables and pattern glare scores. The mid-SF score has limited value in the diagnosis of major depressive disorder. Conclusions We observed an increased level of pattern glare in patients with major depressive disorder, reflecting the existence of cortical hyper-excitability in major depressive disorder. The mid-SF score may have a value in understanding cortical excitability in major depressive disorder.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2399-6Major depressive disorderPattern glareVisual deficitsCortical hyper-excitability |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Xiongwei Qi Huanhuan Fan Xiao Yang Yayun Chen Wei Deng Wanjun Guo Qiang Wang Eric Chen Tao Li Xiaohong Ma |
spellingShingle |
Xiongwei Qi Huanhuan Fan Xiao Yang Yayun Chen Wei Deng Wanjun Guo Qiang Wang Eric Chen Tao Li Xiaohong Ma High level of pattern glare in major depressive disorder BMC Psychiatry Major depressive disorder Pattern glare Visual deficits Cortical hyper-excitability |
author_facet |
Xiongwei Qi Huanhuan Fan Xiao Yang Yayun Chen Wei Deng Wanjun Guo Qiang Wang Eric Chen Tao Li Xiaohong Ma |
author_sort |
Xiongwei Qi |
title |
High level of pattern glare in major depressive disorder |
title_short |
High level of pattern glare in major depressive disorder |
title_full |
High level of pattern glare in major depressive disorder |
title_fullStr |
High level of pattern glare in major depressive disorder |
title_full_unstemmed |
High level of pattern glare in major depressive disorder |
title_sort |
high level of pattern glare in major depressive disorder |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Psychiatry |
issn |
1471-244X |
publishDate |
2019-12-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Visual deficits have been reported in abundance by recent studies on major depressive disorder. Pattern glare manifests as visual distortions, such as the symptoms of headache, glare, eyestrain, illusions of shapes, colors, and motion when viewing repetitive striped patterns, of which some can be observed in major depressive disorder. Inspired by what mentioned, the present study aims to explore whether there exists association between pattern glare and major depressive disorder and further attempts to explore possible clinical diagnostic value of pattern glare in major depressive disorder. Methods Twenty-four patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDDs group) were compared with 30 age-, gender- and education level-matched healthy control subjects (HCs group) on their visual stress with black-and-white gratings of different spatial frequencies-0.3 (low-SF), 2.3 (mid-SF), and 9.4 (high-SF) cycles per degree (c/deg)-which was named pattern glare test. The MDDs group divided into first episode medication-free group (fMDD) and recurrent medicated group (rMDD), comparisons of pattern glare scores (PGS) were performed within the MDDs group. We used Pearson and Spearman analysis to explore the relationship between some clinical indexes and pattern glare scores. ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve was used to evaluate whether pattern glare test was able to discriminate patients and healthy controls. Results The mid-SF pattern glare score significantly elevated in patients with major depressive disorder compared to control subjects. No differences of pattern glare scores were found between fMDD and rMDD. A significant negative correlation between mid-high difference and age in HCs group was found. There were no correlations between other variables and pattern glare scores. The mid-SF score has limited value in the diagnosis of major depressive disorder. Conclusions We observed an increased level of pattern glare in patients with major depressive disorder, reflecting the existence of cortical hyper-excitability in major depressive disorder. The mid-SF score may have a value in understanding cortical excitability in major depressive disorder. |
topic |
Major depressive disorder Pattern glare Visual deficits Cortical hyper-excitability |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2399-6 |
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