Preliminary biomechanical cadaver study investigating a new load-sharing knee implant

Abstract Purpose One of the major contributors to the progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the condition of loading in the knee joint. Innovatively designed load-sharing implants may be effective in terms of reducing joint load. The effects of these implants on contact joint mechanics can be e...

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Main Authors: Mehdi Saeidi, Piaras A. Kelly, Christian Netzel, Miriam Scadeng, Pranesh Kumar, Deborah Prendergast, Thomas Neitzert, Maziar Ramezani
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2021-08-01
Series:Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40634-021-00379-2
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spelling doaj-ca1622d3319c4b39a9993433612fd39a2021-08-15T11:31:50ZengSpringerOpenJournal of Experimental Orthopaedics2197-11532021-08-018111310.1186/s40634-021-00379-2Preliminary biomechanical cadaver study investigating a new load-sharing knee implantMehdi Saeidi0Piaras A. Kelly1Christian Netzel2Miriam Scadeng3Pranesh Kumar4Deborah Prendergast5Thomas Neitzert6Maziar Ramezani7Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auckland University of TechnologyDepartment of Engineering Science, University of AucklandCentre for Advanced Composite Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of AucklandDepartment of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of AucklandDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Whanganui HospitalDepartment of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of AucklandDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Auckland University of TechnologyDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Auckland University of TechnologyAbstract Purpose One of the major contributors to the progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the condition of loading in the knee joint. Innovatively designed load-sharing implants may be effective in terms of reducing joint load. The effects of these implants on contact joint mechanics can be evaluated through cadaver experiments. In this work, a case study is carried out with cadaver knee specimens to carry out a preliminary investigation into a novel load-sharing knee implant, in particular to study the surgical procedures required for attachment, and to determine the contact pressures in the joint with and without the implant. Methods Contact pressure in the tibiofemoral joint was measured using pressure mapping sensors, with and without the implant, and radiographs were conducted to investigate the influence of the implant on joint space. The implant was designed from a 3D model of the specimen reconstructed by segmenting MR images of the knee, and it was manufactured by CNC machining. Results It was observed that attachment of the implant does not affect the geometry of the hard/soft tissues. Radiographs showed that the implant led to an increase in the joint space on the medial side. Contact pressure measurements showed that the implant reduced the load on the medial side by approximately 18% under all tested loading conditions. By increasing the load from 800 to 1600 N, the percentage of load reduction in the lateral side was decreased by 8%. After applying 800, 1200, and 1600 N load it was observed that the peak contact pressures were 3.7, 4.6, and 5.5 MPa, respectively. Conclusions This new knee implant shows some promise as a treatment for OA, through its creation of a conducive loading environment in the knee joint, without sacrificing or damaging any of the hard or soft tissues. This device could be as effective as, for example, the Atlas® system, but without some complications seen with other devices; this would need to be validated through similar results being observed in an appropriate in vivo study.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40634-021-00379-2CadaverExtra-articularImplantKneeOsteoarthritisTibiofemoral
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Mehdi Saeidi
Piaras A. Kelly
Christian Netzel
Miriam Scadeng
Pranesh Kumar
Deborah Prendergast
Thomas Neitzert
Maziar Ramezani
spellingShingle Mehdi Saeidi
Piaras A. Kelly
Christian Netzel
Miriam Scadeng
Pranesh Kumar
Deborah Prendergast
Thomas Neitzert
Maziar Ramezani
Preliminary biomechanical cadaver study investigating a new load-sharing knee implant
Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics
Cadaver
Extra-articular
Implant
Knee
Osteoarthritis
Tibiofemoral
author_facet Mehdi Saeidi
Piaras A. Kelly
Christian Netzel
Miriam Scadeng
Pranesh Kumar
Deborah Prendergast
Thomas Neitzert
Maziar Ramezani
author_sort Mehdi Saeidi
title Preliminary biomechanical cadaver study investigating a new load-sharing knee implant
title_short Preliminary biomechanical cadaver study investigating a new load-sharing knee implant
title_full Preliminary biomechanical cadaver study investigating a new load-sharing knee implant
title_fullStr Preliminary biomechanical cadaver study investigating a new load-sharing knee implant
title_full_unstemmed Preliminary biomechanical cadaver study investigating a new load-sharing knee implant
title_sort preliminary biomechanical cadaver study investigating a new load-sharing knee implant
publisher SpringerOpen
series Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics
issn 2197-1153
publishDate 2021-08-01
description Abstract Purpose One of the major contributors to the progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the condition of loading in the knee joint. Innovatively designed load-sharing implants may be effective in terms of reducing joint load. The effects of these implants on contact joint mechanics can be evaluated through cadaver experiments. In this work, a case study is carried out with cadaver knee specimens to carry out a preliminary investigation into a novel load-sharing knee implant, in particular to study the surgical procedures required for attachment, and to determine the contact pressures in the joint with and without the implant. Methods Contact pressure in the tibiofemoral joint was measured using pressure mapping sensors, with and without the implant, and radiographs were conducted to investigate the influence of the implant on joint space. The implant was designed from a 3D model of the specimen reconstructed by segmenting MR images of the knee, and it was manufactured by CNC machining. Results It was observed that attachment of the implant does not affect the geometry of the hard/soft tissues. Radiographs showed that the implant led to an increase in the joint space on the medial side. Contact pressure measurements showed that the implant reduced the load on the medial side by approximately 18% under all tested loading conditions. By increasing the load from 800 to 1600 N, the percentage of load reduction in the lateral side was decreased by 8%. After applying 800, 1200, and 1600 N load it was observed that the peak contact pressures were 3.7, 4.6, and 5.5 MPa, respectively. Conclusions This new knee implant shows some promise as a treatment for OA, through its creation of a conducive loading environment in the knee joint, without sacrificing or damaging any of the hard or soft tissues. This device could be as effective as, for example, the Atlas® system, but without some complications seen with other devices; this would need to be validated through similar results being observed in an appropriate in vivo study.
topic Cadaver
Extra-articular
Implant
Knee
Osteoarthritis
Tibiofemoral
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40634-021-00379-2
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