Temporary Loading Prevents Cancer Progression and Immune Organ Atrophy Induced by Hind-Limb Unloading in Mice
Although the body’s immune system is altered during spaceflight, the effects of microgravity (μ<i>G</i>) on tumor growth and carcinogenesis are, as yet, unknown. To assess tumor proliferation and its effects on the immune system, we used a hind-limb unloading (HU) muri...
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doaj-ca19821d6e1447d593a2e1b0fd183f502020-11-24T22:52:32ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672018-12-011912395910.3390/ijms19123959ijms19123959Temporary Loading Prevents Cancer Progression and Immune Organ Atrophy Induced by Hind-Limb Unloading in MiceAkihisa Takahashi0Shoto Wakihata1Liqiu Ma2Takuya Adachi3Hiroki Hirose4Yukari Yoshida5Yoshinobu Ohira6Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, JapanGunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, JapanGunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, JapanGunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, JapanGunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, JapanGunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, JapanFaculty and Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, JapanAlthough the body’s immune system is altered during spaceflight, the effects of microgravity (μ<i>G</i>) on tumor growth and carcinogenesis are, as yet, unknown. To assess tumor proliferation and its effects on the immune system, we used a hind-limb unloading (HU) murine model to simulate μ<i>G</i> during spaceflight. HU mice demonstrated significantly increased tumor growth, metastasis to the lung, and greater splenic and thymic atrophy compared with mice in constant orthostatic suspension and standard housing controls. In addition, mice undergoing temporary loading during HU (2 h per day) demonstrated no difference in cancer progression and immune organ atrophy compared with controls. Our findings suggest that temporary loading can prevent cancer progression and immune organ atrophy induced by HU. Further space experiment studies are warranted to elucidate the precise effects of μ<i>G</i> on systemic immunity and cancer progression.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/12/3959tumor growthmetastasisimmune systemhind-limb unloadinganimal model |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Akihisa Takahashi Shoto Wakihata Liqiu Ma Takuya Adachi Hiroki Hirose Yukari Yoshida Yoshinobu Ohira |
spellingShingle |
Akihisa Takahashi Shoto Wakihata Liqiu Ma Takuya Adachi Hiroki Hirose Yukari Yoshida Yoshinobu Ohira Temporary Loading Prevents Cancer Progression and Immune Organ Atrophy Induced by Hind-Limb Unloading in Mice International Journal of Molecular Sciences tumor growth metastasis immune system hind-limb unloading animal model |
author_facet |
Akihisa Takahashi Shoto Wakihata Liqiu Ma Takuya Adachi Hiroki Hirose Yukari Yoshida Yoshinobu Ohira |
author_sort |
Akihisa Takahashi |
title |
Temporary Loading Prevents Cancer Progression and Immune Organ Atrophy Induced by Hind-Limb Unloading in Mice |
title_short |
Temporary Loading Prevents Cancer Progression and Immune Organ Atrophy Induced by Hind-Limb Unloading in Mice |
title_full |
Temporary Loading Prevents Cancer Progression and Immune Organ Atrophy Induced by Hind-Limb Unloading in Mice |
title_fullStr |
Temporary Loading Prevents Cancer Progression and Immune Organ Atrophy Induced by Hind-Limb Unloading in Mice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Temporary Loading Prevents Cancer Progression and Immune Organ Atrophy Induced by Hind-Limb Unloading in Mice |
title_sort |
temporary loading prevents cancer progression and immune organ atrophy induced by hind-limb unloading in mice |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2018-12-01 |
description |
Although the body’s immune system is altered during spaceflight, the effects of microgravity (μ<i>G</i>) on tumor growth and carcinogenesis are, as yet, unknown. To assess tumor proliferation and its effects on the immune system, we used a hind-limb unloading (HU) murine model to simulate μ<i>G</i> during spaceflight. HU mice demonstrated significantly increased tumor growth, metastasis to the lung, and greater splenic and thymic atrophy compared with mice in constant orthostatic suspension and standard housing controls. In addition, mice undergoing temporary loading during HU (2 h per day) demonstrated no difference in cancer progression and immune organ atrophy compared with controls. Our findings suggest that temporary loading can prevent cancer progression and immune organ atrophy induced by HU. Further space experiment studies are warranted to elucidate the precise effects of μ<i>G</i> on systemic immunity and cancer progression. |
topic |
tumor growth metastasis immune system hind-limb unloading animal model |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/12/3959 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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