Current-Assisted Single Photon Avalanche Diode (CASPAD) Fabricated in 350 nm Conventional CMOS
A current-assisted single-photon avalanche diode (CASPAD) is presented with a large and deep absorption volume combined with a small p-n junction in its middle to perform avalanche trigger detection. The absorption volume has a drift field that serves as a guiding mechanism to the photo-generated mi...
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doaj-ca2f01078c014485bc1d1e5ef6ca0d2c2020-11-25T03:31:06ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-03-01106215510.3390/app10062155app10062155Current-Assisted Single Photon Avalanche Diode (CASPAD) Fabricated in 350 nm Conventional CMOSGobinath Jegannathan0Hans Ingelberts1Maarten Kuijk2Department of Electronics and Informatics (ETRO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of Electronics and Informatics (ETRO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of Electronics and Informatics (ETRO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumA current-assisted single-photon avalanche diode (CASPAD) is presented with a large and deep absorption volume combined with a small p-n junction in its middle to perform avalanche trigger detection. The absorption volume has a drift field that serves as a guiding mechanism to the photo-generated minority carriers by directing them toward the avalanche breakdown region of the p-n junction. This drift field is created by a majority current distribution in the thick (highly-resistive) epi-layer that is present because of an applied voltage bias between the p-anode of the avalanching region and the perimeter of the detector. A first CASPAD device fabricated in 350-nm CMOS shows functional operation for NIR (785-nm) photons; absorbed in a volume of 40 × 40 × 14 μm<sup>3</sup>. The CASPAD is characterized for its photon-detection probability (PDP), timing jitter, dark-count rate (DCR), and after pulsing.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/6/2155single photon detectoravalanche breakdowncurrent-assistance |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Gobinath Jegannathan Hans Ingelberts Maarten Kuijk |
spellingShingle |
Gobinath Jegannathan Hans Ingelberts Maarten Kuijk Current-Assisted Single Photon Avalanche Diode (CASPAD) Fabricated in 350 nm Conventional CMOS Applied Sciences single photon detector avalanche breakdown current-assistance |
author_facet |
Gobinath Jegannathan Hans Ingelberts Maarten Kuijk |
author_sort |
Gobinath Jegannathan |
title |
Current-Assisted Single Photon Avalanche Diode (CASPAD) Fabricated in 350 nm Conventional CMOS |
title_short |
Current-Assisted Single Photon Avalanche Diode (CASPAD) Fabricated in 350 nm Conventional CMOS |
title_full |
Current-Assisted Single Photon Avalanche Diode (CASPAD) Fabricated in 350 nm Conventional CMOS |
title_fullStr |
Current-Assisted Single Photon Avalanche Diode (CASPAD) Fabricated in 350 nm Conventional CMOS |
title_full_unstemmed |
Current-Assisted Single Photon Avalanche Diode (CASPAD) Fabricated in 350 nm Conventional CMOS |
title_sort |
current-assisted single photon avalanche diode (caspad) fabricated in 350 nm conventional cmos |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Applied Sciences |
issn |
2076-3417 |
publishDate |
2020-03-01 |
description |
A current-assisted single-photon avalanche diode (CASPAD) is presented with a large and deep absorption volume combined with a small p-n junction in its middle to perform avalanche trigger detection. The absorption volume has a drift field that serves as a guiding mechanism to the photo-generated minority carriers by directing them toward the avalanche breakdown region of the p-n junction. This drift field is created by a majority current distribution in the thick (highly-resistive) epi-layer that is present because of an applied voltage bias between the p-anode of the avalanching region and the perimeter of the detector. A first CASPAD device fabricated in 350-nm CMOS shows functional operation for NIR (785-nm) photons; absorbed in a volume of 40 × 40 × 14 μm<sup>3</sup>. The CASPAD is characterized for its photon-detection probability (PDP), timing jitter, dark-count rate (DCR), and after pulsing. |
topic |
single photon detector avalanche breakdown current-assistance |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/6/2155 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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