The Effect of Elicitors and Canopy Management in the Chemical Composition of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Red Varieties in Warm and Hot Areas in Spain
Canopy management practices in vineyards, such as sprawling systems and shoot trimming, can change the accumulation of metabolites in grapes. The use of elicitors of biological origin on grapevines of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> red grape varieties may also modulate the chemical composition of...
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Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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Series: | Agronomy |
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Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/6/1192 |
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doaj-ca52c29a061549d9a8e74ee1c686a10b |
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record_format |
Article |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Natalia Gutiérrez Leyre López-de-Silanes Carlos Escott Iris Loira Juan Manuel del Fresno José Antonio Suárez-Lepe Antonio Morata |
spellingShingle |
Natalia Gutiérrez Leyre López-de-Silanes Carlos Escott Iris Loira Juan Manuel del Fresno José Antonio Suárez-Lepe Antonio Morata The Effect of Elicitors and Canopy Management in the Chemical Composition of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Red Varieties in Warm and Hot Areas in Spain Agronomy polyphenols shoot trimming <i>Vitis vinifera</i> microclimate pigments sprawling system |
author_facet |
Natalia Gutiérrez Leyre López-de-Silanes Carlos Escott Iris Loira Juan Manuel del Fresno José Antonio Suárez-Lepe Antonio Morata |
author_sort |
Natalia Gutiérrez |
title |
The Effect of Elicitors and Canopy Management in the Chemical Composition of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Red Varieties in Warm and Hot Areas in Spain |
title_short |
The Effect of Elicitors and Canopy Management in the Chemical Composition of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Red Varieties in Warm and Hot Areas in Spain |
title_full |
The Effect of Elicitors and Canopy Management in the Chemical Composition of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Red Varieties in Warm and Hot Areas in Spain |
title_fullStr |
The Effect of Elicitors and Canopy Management in the Chemical Composition of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Red Varieties in Warm and Hot Areas in Spain |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Effect of Elicitors and Canopy Management in the Chemical Composition of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Red Varieties in Warm and Hot Areas in Spain |
title_sort |
effect of elicitors and canopy management in the chemical composition of <i>vitis vinifera</i> red varieties in warm and hot areas in spain |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Agronomy |
issn |
2073-4395 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
Canopy management practices in vineyards, such as sprawling systems and shoot trimming, can change the accumulation of metabolites in grapes. The use of elicitors of biological origin on grapevines of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> red grape varieties may also modulate the chemical composition of the berries. These modifications are often observed in the accumulation of phenolic compounds, including pigments. Both technical approaches are alternatives involved in minimizing the effects of global climate change in warm areas. The increase of temperature related to climate change accelerates the accumulation of sugars, but produces unbalanced grapes. This work establishes the use of button sensors to monitor the climate changes occurring at grape cluster level. Together with climate monitoring, conventional instrumental analytical techniques are used to follow up the chemical composition and the phenolic fraction of grapes in four different production areas in Spain. The effect of either treatment seems variable and to be affected by external factors besides the treatment itself and the climate conditions. While there is a fine effect that correlates with the use of elicitors in varieties like Merlot and Tempranillo, there is minimal improvement observed in Tintilla de Rota. The total phenolic index increases were between 2.3% and 11.8% in the first two parcels. The same happened with the vineyard’s canopy management systems, with increased pigment accumulation and the total phenolic index rising (37.7% to 68.7%) after applying intense shoot trimming, or a variation in sugar concentrations when using sprawl conduction. This study aims to provide viticulturists and oenologists in particular, and farmers in general, with data on the field regarding the use of alternative sustainable practices in the cultivation of grapes. The techniques used involved 100% natural products without adjuvants. The benefits obtained from applying some of these practices would be to produce technically mature grapes despite climate changes, and the elaboration of more balanced wines. |
topic |
polyphenols shoot trimming <i>Vitis vinifera</i> microclimate pigments sprawling system |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/6/1192 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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doaj-ca52c29a061549d9a8e74ee1c686a10b2021-06-30T23:53:00ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-06-01111192119210.3390/agronomy11061192The Effect of Elicitors and Canopy Management in the Chemical Composition of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> Red Varieties in Warm and Hot Areas in SpainNatalia Gutiérrez0Leyre López-de-Silanes1Carlos Escott2Iris Loira3Juan Manuel del Fresno4José Antonio Suárez-Lepe5Antonio Morata6enotecUPM, Chemistry and Food Technology Department, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro, 2, 28040 Madrid, SpainenotecUPM, Chemistry and Food Technology Department, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro, 2, 28040 Madrid, SpainenotecUPM, Chemistry and Food Technology Department, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro, 2, 28040 Madrid, SpainenotecUPM, Chemistry and Food Technology Department, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro, 2, 28040 Madrid, SpainenotecUPM, Chemistry and Food Technology Department, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro, 2, 28040 Madrid, SpainenotecUPM, Chemistry and Food Technology Department, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro, 2, 28040 Madrid, SpainenotecUPM, Chemistry and Food Technology Department, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro, 2, 28040 Madrid, SpainCanopy management practices in vineyards, such as sprawling systems and shoot trimming, can change the accumulation of metabolites in grapes. The use of elicitors of biological origin on grapevines of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> red grape varieties may also modulate the chemical composition of the berries. These modifications are often observed in the accumulation of phenolic compounds, including pigments. Both technical approaches are alternatives involved in minimizing the effects of global climate change in warm areas. The increase of temperature related to climate change accelerates the accumulation of sugars, but produces unbalanced grapes. This work establishes the use of button sensors to monitor the climate changes occurring at grape cluster level. Together with climate monitoring, conventional instrumental analytical techniques are used to follow up the chemical composition and the phenolic fraction of grapes in four different production areas in Spain. The effect of either treatment seems variable and to be affected by external factors besides the treatment itself and the climate conditions. While there is a fine effect that correlates with the use of elicitors in varieties like Merlot and Tempranillo, there is minimal improvement observed in Tintilla de Rota. The total phenolic index increases were between 2.3% and 11.8% in the first two parcels. The same happened with the vineyard’s canopy management systems, with increased pigment accumulation and the total phenolic index rising (37.7% to 68.7%) after applying intense shoot trimming, or a variation in sugar concentrations when using sprawl conduction. This study aims to provide viticulturists and oenologists in particular, and farmers in general, with data on the field regarding the use of alternative sustainable practices in the cultivation of grapes. The techniques used involved 100% natural products without adjuvants. The benefits obtained from applying some of these practices would be to produce technically mature grapes despite climate changes, and the elaboration of more balanced wines.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/6/1192polyphenolsshoot trimming<i>Vitis vinifera</i>microclimatepigmentssprawling system |