BST204 Protects Dexamethasone-Induced Myotube Atrophy through the Upregulation of Myotube Formation and Mitochondrial Function
BST204 is a purified ginseng dry extract that has an inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses, but its effect on muscle atrophy is yet to be investigated. In this study, C2C12 myoblasts were induced to differentiate for three days followed by the treatment of dexamethas...
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doaj-ca72524c3553425f8cde18236c169aaf2021-03-02T00:00:44ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health1661-78271660-46012021-03-01182367236710.3390/ijerph18052367BST204 Protects Dexamethasone-Induced Myotube Atrophy through the Upregulation of Myotube Formation and Mitochondrial FunctionRyuni Kim0Hyebeen Kim1Minju Im2Sun Kyu Park3Hae Jung Han4Subin An5Jong-Sun Kang6Sang-Jin Lee7Gyu-Un Bae8Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, KoreaMolecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, KoreaGreen Cross Wellbeing Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13595, KoreaGreen Cross Wellbeing Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13595, KoreaGreen Cross Wellbeing Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13595, KoreaMolecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, KoreaMolecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, KoreaResearch Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, KoreaResearch Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, KoreaBST204 is a purified ginseng dry extract that has an inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses, but its effect on muscle atrophy is yet to be investigated. In this study, C2C12 myoblasts were induced to differentiate for three days followed by the treatment of dexamethasone (DEX), a corticosteroid drug, with vehicle or BST204 for one day and subjected to immunoblotting, immunocytochemistry, qRT-PCR and biochemical analysis for mitochondrial function. BST204 alleviates the myotube atrophic effect mediated by DEX via the activation of protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (Akt/mTOR) signaling. Through this pathway, BST204 suppresses the expression of muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligases contributing to the enhanced myotube formation and enlarged myotube diameter in DEX-treated myotubes. In addition, BST204 treatment significantly decreases the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in DEX-treated myotubes. Furthermore, BST204 improves mitochondrial function by upregulating the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC1α) in DEX-induced myotube atrophy. This study provides a mechanistic insight into the effect of BST204 on DEX-induced myotube atrophy, suggesting that BST204 has protective effects against the toxicity of a corticosteroid drug in muscle and promising potential as a nutraceutical remedy for the treatment of muscle weakness and atrophy.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/5/2367Akt/mTOR pathwayBST204mitochondriamuscle atrophyPGC1α |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ryuni Kim Hyebeen Kim Minju Im Sun Kyu Park Hae Jung Han Subin An Jong-Sun Kang Sang-Jin Lee Gyu-Un Bae |
spellingShingle |
Ryuni Kim Hyebeen Kim Minju Im Sun Kyu Park Hae Jung Han Subin An Jong-Sun Kang Sang-Jin Lee Gyu-Un Bae BST204 Protects Dexamethasone-Induced Myotube Atrophy through the Upregulation of Myotube Formation and Mitochondrial Function International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Akt/mTOR pathway BST204 mitochondria muscle atrophy PGC1α |
author_facet |
Ryuni Kim Hyebeen Kim Minju Im Sun Kyu Park Hae Jung Han Subin An Jong-Sun Kang Sang-Jin Lee Gyu-Un Bae |
author_sort |
Ryuni Kim |
title |
BST204 Protects Dexamethasone-Induced Myotube Atrophy through the Upregulation of Myotube Formation and Mitochondrial Function |
title_short |
BST204 Protects Dexamethasone-Induced Myotube Atrophy through the Upregulation of Myotube Formation and Mitochondrial Function |
title_full |
BST204 Protects Dexamethasone-Induced Myotube Atrophy through the Upregulation of Myotube Formation and Mitochondrial Function |
title_fullStr |
BST204 Protects Dexamethasone-Induced Myotube Atrophy through the Upregulation of Myotube Formation and Mitochondrial Function |
title_full_unstemmed |
BST204 Protects Dexamethasone-Induced Myotube Atrophy through the Upregulation of Myotube Formation and Mitochondrial Function |
title_sort |
bst204 protects dexamethasone-induced myotube atrophy through the upregulation of myotube formation and mitochondrial function |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
issn |
1661-7827 1660-4601 |
publishDate |
2021-03-01 |
description |
BST204 is a purified ginseng dry extract that has an inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses, but its effect on muscle atrophy is yet to be investigated. In this study, C2C12 myoblasts were induced to differentiate for three days followed by the treatment of dexamethasone (DEX), a corticosteroid drug, with vehicle or BST204 for one day and subjected to immunoblotting, immunocytochemistry, qRT-PCR and biochemical analysis for mitochondrial function. BST204 alleviates the myotube atrophic effect mediated by DEX via the activation of protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (Akt/mTOR) signaling. Through this pathway, BST204 suppresses the expression of muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligases contributing to the enhanced myotube formation and enlarged myotube diameter in DEX-treated myotubes. In addition, BST204 treatment significantly decreases the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in DEX-treated myotubes. Furthermore, BST204 improves mitochondrial function by upregulating the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC1α) in DEX-induced myotube atrophy. This study provides a mechanistic insight into the effect of BST204 on DEX-induced myotube atrophy, suggesting that BST204 has protective effects against the toxicity of a corticosteroid drug in muscle and promising potential as a nutraceutical remedy for the treatment of muscle weakness and atrophy. |
topic |
Akt/mTOR pathway BST204 mitochondria muscle atrophy PGC1α |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/5/2367 |
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