Evaluation of the Proximity of Singaporean Children’s Dietary Habits to Food-Based Dietary Guidelines
Dietary habits in children may not only impact current health status but could also shape future, lifelong dietary choices. Dietary intake data in Singaporean children are limited. The current study aimed to define the overall diet quality of Singaporean children using an existing cross-sectional da...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-11-01
|
Series: | Nutrients |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/11/2615 |
id |
doaj-ca84788961134727a0883f8e4d4b52d0 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-ca84788961134727a0883f8e4d4b52d02020-11-24T21:52:01ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432019-11-011111261510.3390/nu11112615nu11112615Evaluation of the Proximity of Singaporean Children’s Dietary Habits to Food-Based Dietary GuidelinesIain A Brownlee0Jasmine Low1Naageswari Duriraju2Mavis Chun3Jessica Xiu Yan Ong4Mia Eng Tay5Gilly A Hendrie6Lourdes Santos-Merx7Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 8ST, UKNewcastle Research and Innovation Institute, Devan Nair Building, Singapore 600201, SingaporeNewcastle Research and Innovation Institute, Devan Nair Building, Singapore 600201, SingaporeCSIRO Nutrition & Health Program, SAHMRI Building, Adelaide SA5000, AustraliaNewcastle Research and Innovation Institute, Devan Nair Building, Singapore 600201, SingaporeSchool of Chemical & Life Sciences, Nanyang Polytechnic, Singapore 569830, SingaporeNewcastle Research and Innovation Institute, Devan Nair Building, Singapore 600201, SingaporeNewcastle Research and Innovation Institute, Devan Nair Building, Singapore 600201, SingaporeDietary habits in children may not only impact current health status but could also shape future, lifelong dietary choices. Dietary intake data in Singaporean children are limited. The current study aimed to define the overall diet quality of Singaporean children using an existing cross-sectional dataset and to consider how demographic factors (i.e., body mass index (BMI) status, ethnicity, age, and sex) were associated with these scores. Existing, cross-sectional dietary data (<i>n</i> = 561 children aged 6−12 years, collected in 2014−2015) from duplicate 24-h recalls were assessed for diet quality using an index based on the Singaporean Health Promotion Board dietary guidelines. Total diet quality scores were calculated from ten different components (frequencies of rice and alternatives, whole grains, fruits, vegetables, meat and alternatives, dairy and alternatives, total fat, saturated fat, sodium intake, and added sugars). Association with demographic factors and BMI category was evaluated by one-way multivariate ANOVA (MANOVA) tests, with Bonferroni post hoc analyses. Median (interquartile range) total diet quality scores were 65.4 (57.1−73.0). Median scores for whole grains (0.0, 0.0−33.4), fruits (24.1, 0.0−65.3), vegetables (36.5, 10.4-89.8), and sodium (58.4, 0.0−100.0) intake were frequently sub-optimal. Children of Malay ethnic origin had statistically lower total diet quality scores ((55.3, 47.5−60.3) vs. other ethnic groups (combined median 65.4 (57.1, 73.0); <i>p</i> < 0.001). These findings highlight the need for continuing efforts to improve dietary intake in young Singaporeans and for longitudinal dietary monitoring in this group.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/11/2615diet qualityfruitsvegetableswhole grainsdietary patternfood-based dietary guidelines |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Iain A Brownlee Jasmine Low Naageswari Duriraju Mavis Chun Jessica Xiu Yan Ong Mia Eng Tay Gilly A Hendrie Lourdes Santos-Merx |
spellingShingle |
Iain A Brownlee Jasmine Low Naageswari Duriraju Mavis Chun Jessica Xiu Yan Ong Mia Eng Tay Gilly A Hendrie Lourdes Santos-Merx Evaluation of the Proximity of Singaporean Children’s Dietary Habits to Food-Based Dietary Guidelines Nutrients diet quality fruits vegetables whole grains dietary pattern food-based dietary guidelines |
author_facet |
Iain A Brownlee Jasmine Low Naageswari Duriraju Mavis Chun Jessica Xiu Yan Ong Mia Eng Tay Gilly A Hendrie Lourdes Santos-Merx |
author_sort |
Iain A Brownlee |
title |
Evaluation of the Proximity of Singaporean Children’s Dietary Habits to Food-Based Dietary Guidelines |
title_short |
Evaluation of the Proximity of Singaporean Children’s Dietary Habits to Food-Based Dietary Guidelines |
title_full |
Evaluation of the Proximity of Singaporean Children’s Dietary Habits to Food-Based Dietary Guidelines |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of the Proximity of Singaporean Children’s Dietary Habits to Food-Based Dietary Guidelines |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of the Proximity of Singaporean Children’s Dietary Habits to Food-Based Dietary Guidelines |
title_sort |
evaluation of the proximity of singaporean children’s dietary habits to food-based dietary guidelines |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2019-11-01 |
description |
Dietary habits in children may not only impact current health status but could also shape future, lifelong dietary choices. Dietary intake data in Singaporean children are limited. The current study aimed to define the overall diet quality of Singaporean children using an existing cross-sectional dataset and to consider how demographic factors (i.e., body mass index (BMI) status, ethnicity, age, and sex) were associated with these scores. Existing, cross-sectional dietary data (<i>n</i> = 561 children aged 6−12 years, collected in 2014−2015) from duplicate 24-h recalls were assessed for diet quality using an index based on the Singaporean Health Promotion Board dietary guidelines. Total diet quality scores were calculated from ten different components (frequencies of rice and alternatives, whole grains, fruits, vegetables, meat and alternatives, dairy and alternatives, total fat, saturated fat, sodium intake, and added sugars). Association with demographic factors and BMI category was evaluated by one-way multivariate ANOVA (MANOVA) tests, with Bonferroni post hoc analyses. Median (interquartile range) total diet quality scores were 65.4 (57.1−73.0). Median scores for whole grains (0.0, 0.0−33.4), fruits (24.1, 0.0−65.3), vegetables (36.5, 10.4-89.8), and sodium (58.4, 0.0−100.0) intake were frequently sub-optimal. Children of Malay ethnic origin had statistically lower total diet quality scores ((55.3, 47.5−60.3) vs. other ethnic groups (combined median 65.4 (57.1, 73.0); <i>p</i> < 0.001). These findings highlight the need for continuing efforts to improve dietary intake in young Singaporeans and for longitudinal dietary monitoring in this group. |
topic |
diet quality fruits vegetables whole grains dietary pattern food-based dietary guidelines |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/11/2615 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT iainabrownlee evaluationoftheproximityofsingaporeanchildrensdietaryhabitstofoodbaseddietaryguidelines AT jasminelow evaluationoftheproximityofsingaporeanchildrensdietaryhabitstofoodbaseddietaryguidelines AT naageswariduriraju evaluationoftheproximityofsingaporeanchildrensdietaryhabitstofoodbaseddietaryguidelines AT mavischun evaluationoftheproximityofsingaporeanchildrensdietaryhabitstofoodbaseddietaryguidelines AT jessicaxiuyanong evaluationoftheproximityofsingaporeanchildrensdietaryhabitstofoodbaseddietaryguidelines AT miaengtay evaluationoftheproximityofsingaporeanchildrensdietaryhabitstofoodbaseddietaryguidelines AT gillyahendrie evaluationoftheproximityofsingaporeanchildrensdietaryhabitstofoodbaseddietaryguidelines AT lourdessantosmerx evaluationoftheproximityofsingaporeanchildrensdietaryhabitstofoodbaseddietaryguidelines |
_version_ |
1725877354110124032 |