Improving Soil Nitrogen Availability and Rice Growth Performance on a Tropical Acid Soil via Mixture of Rice Husk and Rice Straw Biochars
Nitrogen deficiency frequently occurs at agricultural soil because of NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization to the environment which results in low urea-N use efficiency by rice plants. A pot experiment was conducted to assess the synergistic effects of a mixture of rice straw and rice husk bioc...
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doaj-cac0347a5e164ee5b52cfbb23814cac02020-12-25T00:04:34ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-12-011110810810.3390/app11010108Improving Soil Nitrogen Availability and Rice Growth Performance on a Tropical Acid Soil via Mixture of Rice Husk and Rice Straw BiocharsGunavathy Selvarajh0Huck Ywih Ch’ng1Norhafizah Md Zain2Palsan Sannasi3Siti Nuurul Huda Mohammad Azmin4Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Campus Jeli, University Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan 17600, MalaysiaFaculty of Agro-Based Industry, Campus Jeli, University Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan 17600, MalaysiaFaculty of Agro-Based Industry, Campus Jeli, University Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan 17600, MalaysiaFaculty of Agro-Based Industry, Campus Jeli, University Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan 17600, MalaysiaFaculty of Agro-Based Industry, Campus Jeli, University Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan 17600, MalaysiaNitrogen deficiency frequently occurs at agricultural soil because of NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization to the environment which results in low urea-N use efficiency by rice plants. A pot experiment was conducted to assess the synergistic effects of a mixture of rice straw and rice husk biochars (RSRH) on (1) total N, soil exchangeable NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, and available NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, and (2) uptake of N, P, and K in rice plant. RSRH biochar at 5 and 10 t ha<sup>−1</sup> had significantly minimized ammonia volatilization by 33.5% and 40.7%. Further, RSRH biochars also had significantly increased available NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, available P, and available K in the soil over T1. In line to increase in soil nutrient availability, the rice plant height, tiller number, greenness, and panicle number were increased. This resulted in an increase of nutrient uptake, use efficiency, and dry matter production of the rice plant. RSRH biochar altered the soil environment by minimizing NH<sub>3</sub> loss and increasing soil nutrients for efficient plant uptake.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/1/108ammonia volatilizationbiocharnutrient uptakeurea |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Gunavathy Selvarajh Huck Ywih Ch’ng Norhafizah Md Zain Palsan Sannasi Siti Nuurul Huda Mohammad Azmin |
spellingShingle |
Gunavathy Selvarajh Huck Ywih Ch’ng Norhafizah Md Zain Palsan Sannasi Siti Nuurul Huda Mohammad Azmin Improving Soil Nitrogen Availability and Rice Growth Performance on a Tropical Acid Soil via Mixture of Rice Husk and Rice Straw Biochars Applied Sciences ammonia volatilization biochar nutrient uptake urea |
author_facet |
Gunavathy Selvarajh Huck Ywih Ch’ng Norhafizah Md Zain Palsan Sannasi Siti Nuurul Huda Mohammad Azmin |
author_sort |
Gunavathy Selvarajh |
title |
Improving Soil Nitrogen Availability and Rice Growth Performance on a Tropical Acid Soil via Mixture of Rice Husk and Rice Straw Biochars |
title_short |
Improving Soil Nitrogen Availability and Rice Growth Performance on a Tropical Acid Soil via Mixture of Rice Husk and Rice Straw Biochars |
title_full |
Improving Soil Nitrogen Availability and Rice Growth Performance on a Tropical Acid Soil via Mixture of Rice Husk and Rice Straw Biochars |
title_fullStr |
Improving Soil Nitrogen Availability and Rice Growth Performance on a Tropical Acid Soil via Mixture of Rice Husk and Rice Straw Biochars |
title_full_unstemmed |
Improving Soil Nitrogen Availability and Rice Growth Performance on a Tropical Acid Soil via Mixture of Rice Husk and Rice Straw Biochars |
title_sort |
improving soil nitrogen availability and rice growth performance on a tropical acid soil via mixture of rice husk and rice straw biochars |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Applied Sciences |
issn |
2076-3417 |
publishDate |
2021-12-01 |
description |
Nitrogen deficiency frequently occurs at agricultural soil because of NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization to the environment which results in low urea-N use efficiency by rice plants. A pot experiment was conducted to assess the synergistic effects of a mixture of rice straw and rice husk biochars (RSRH) on (1) total N, soil exchangeable NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, and available NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, and (2) uptake of N, P, and K in rice plant. RSRH biochar at 5 and 10 t ha<sup>−1</sup> had significantly minimized ammonia volatilization by 33.5% and 40.7%. Further, RSRH biochars also had significantly increased available NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, available P, and available K in the soil over T1. In line to increase in soil nutrient availability, the rice plant height, tiller number, greenness, and panicle number were increased. This resulted in an increase of nutrient uptake, use efficiency, and dry matter production of the rice plant. RSRH biochar altered the soil environment by minimizing NH<sub>3</sub> loss and increasing soil nutrients for efficient plant uptake. |
topic |
ammonia volatilization biochar nutrient uptake urea |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/1/108 |
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