Effect of supplementation of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruit juice in preventing hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis development in rats fed with high fat high cholesterol diet
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Nutraceuticals, mainly based on natural products, have been proven to control the risk factors of CVDs effectively. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa is an underutilized fruit that is rich in phenolic compounds and has antioxidant activiti...
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doaj-cae22f3a6c94425d83473e1d7546e0782021-09-19T04:53:56ZengElsevierBiomedicine & Pharmacotherapy0753-33222021-10-01142111996Effect of supplementation of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruit juice in preventing hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis development in rats fed with high fat high cholesterol dietErnawati Sinaga0 Suprihatin1 Yenisbar2Mardian Iswahyudi3Sarwi Setyowati4Vivitri D. Prasasty5Faculty of Biology, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta 12520, Indonesia; Center for Medicinal Plants Research, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta 12520, Indonesia; Corresponding author at: Faculty of Biology, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta 12520, Indonesia.Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta 12520, IndonesiaFaculty of Agriculture, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta 12520, IndonesiaFaculty of Biology, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta 12520, Indonesia; Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital, Jakarta 10430, IndonesiaFaculty of Biology, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta 12520, IndonesiaFaculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia; Corresponding author.Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Nutraceuticals, mainly based on natural products, have been proven to control the risk factors of CVDs effectively. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa is an underutilized fruit that is rich in phenolic compounds and has antioxidant activities. Scientific investigation was needed to verify the pharmacological properties of R. tomentosa fruit juice in Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high fat high cholesterol (HFHC) as antihypercholesterolemic and antiatherosclerotic agents. The experiments were carried out using male albino rats fed with HFHC diet for 75 days and at the same time orally supplemented with R. tomentosa fruit juice (RTFJ) in doses of 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg body weight (BW) daily for 75 days. Simvastatin was used as a positive control. At the end of the experiment, the blood was collected, and the serum was assayed for total triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C). The histopathology of coronary and aorta arteries was observed under the light microscope. The results demonstrated that the supplementation of RTFJ significantly prevented the increase of total triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and the decrease of high-density lipoprotein in serum. Supplementation of RTFJ also prevents atherosclerosis development by preventing the thickening of the blood vessel wall, deposition of lipid formation, and foam cells in the tunica intima of the aorta and coronary arteries. These findings suggested that supplementation of R. tomentosa fruit juice prevents hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332221007794AtherosclerosisCardiovascularHypercholesterolemiaNutraceuticalRhodomyrtus tomentosa |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ernawati Sinaga Suprihatin Yenisbar Mardian Iswahyudi Sarwi Setyowati Vivitri D. Prasasty |
spellingShingle |
Ernawati Sinaga Suprihatin Yenisbar Mardian Iswahyudi Sarwi Setyowati Vivitri D. Prasasty Effect of supplementation of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruit juice in preventing hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis development in rats fed with high fat high cholesterol diet Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Hypercholesterolemia Nutraceutical Rhodomyrtus tomentosa |
author_facet |
Ernawati Sinaga Suprihatin Yenisbar Mardian Iswahyudi Sarwi Setyowati Vivitri D. Prasasty |
author_sort |
Ernawati Sinaga |
title |
Effect of supplementation of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruit juice in preventing hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis development in rats fed with high fat high cholesterol diet |
title_short |
Effect of supplementation of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruit juice in preventing hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis development in rats fed with high fat high cholesterol diet |
title_full |
Effect of supplementation of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruit juice in preventing hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis development in rats fed with high fat high cholesterol diet |
title_fullStr |
Effect of supplementation of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruit juice in preventing hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis development in rats fed with high fat high cholesterol diet |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effect of supplementation of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruit juice in preventing hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis development in rats fed with high fat high cholesterol diet |
title_sort |
effect of supplementation of rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruit juice in preventing hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis development in rats fed with high fat high cholesterol diet |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy |
issn |
0753-3322 |
publishDate |
2021-10-01 |
description |
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Nutraceuticals, mainly based on natural products, have been proven to control the risk factors of CVDs effectively. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa is an underutilized fruit that is rich in phenolic compounds and has antioxidant activities. Scientific investigation was needed to verify the pharmacological properties of R. tomentosa fruit juice in Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high fat high cholesterol (HFHC) as antihypercholesterolemic and antiatherosclerotic agents. The experiments were carried out using male albino rats fed with HFHC diet for 75 days and at the same time orally supplemented with R. tomentosa fruit juice (RTFJ) in doses of 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg body weight (BW) daily for 75 days. Simvastatin was used as a positive control. At the end of the experiment, the blood was collected, and the serum was assayed for total triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C). The histopathology of coronary and aorta arteries was observed under the light microscope. The results demonstrated that the supplementation of RTFJ significantly prevented the increase of total triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and the decrease of high-density lipoprotein in serum. Supplementation of RTFJ also prevents atherosclerosis development by preventing the thickening of the blood vessel wall, deposition of lipid formation, and foam cells in the tunica intima of the aorta and coronary arteries. These findings suggested that supplementation of R. tomentosa fruit juice prevents hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. |
topic |
Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Hypercholesterolemia Nutraceutical Rhodomyrtus tomentosa |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332221007794 |
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