An Investigation of âAcceptance of Self, Others and Natureâ in Ghazaliat Hafez from Maslowâs Perspective.

• Main Authors: aa Bagheri Khalili, m Mehrabi Kally
• Format: Article
• Language: fas
• Published: University of Isfahan 2011-09-01
• Series: Textual Criticism of Persian Literature
• Subjects: Humanism; Self-actualization; Maslow; Self; actualization; perception of reality; acceptance of Self and others; Hafez
• Online Access: http://rpll.ui.ac.ir/article_19298_ddbdc914f0ac1817c99da1ebe5603f1e.pdf
• ISSN: 2008-5486; 2476-3268

Religious thinkers and scholars, based on their peculiar dispositions, have considered the wise, strong, weak, insightful etc person as the model of Perfect Man. In the twentieth century, Behaviorism, Psychoanalysis and Humanism have made it possible to pay more objective attention to human character. Psychoanalysis sees man as a product of his instinct, and Behaviorism of his environment. While disapproving the two theories, Maslow (1908-1970) considers man to be essentially good and in constant search of Self-actualization. He sees behavior as arising from needs which he classifies into five categories: 1) physiological needs 2) safety and security 3) love and belonging 4) self-esteem 5) Self-actualization. Maslow cites several attributes of Self-actualized people and the present paper addresses two of them in Ghazaliat Hafez: 1) better perception of reality 2) acceptance of Self, others and nature. From Hafezâs viewpoint, the world is the most enigmatic phenomenon to be understood. Despite being aware of the world instability, he never reads it as he desires but interprets it differently. His Self acceptance includes: 1) poetic skill 2) taking responsibility of oneâs actions 3) hopefulness. His knowledge that frailties can be compensated is the core of his acceptance of Self, others and nature.