| Summary: | Objective To analyze the biomechanical response of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) musculoskeletal system under lateral impact load through 3D finite element method (FEM). Methods The finite element model of TMJ system was built based on the combination of CT and MRI data of human head by finite element software. The Von Mises stress cloud maps of TMJ structures and the dynamic maps of mandibular fractures were obtained by the impact of impactor was simulated on the mandibular angle. Results The peak stress was found in the impacted condyle neck area. When the impacting velocity was at 2.87 m/s, there was no fracture; as the velocity increased to 7.22 m/s, the left condyle just happened to have a linear fracture without displacement; the left condyle completely fractured as the speed at 8.33 m/s; when the velocity was 9.72 m/s, then both 2 condyles and the mental region completely fractured. The high stress in the condyle neck was transmitted to the articular fossa, which was rapidly reduced by the cushioning effect of the articular disc. Under the impact condition of this experiment, the joint disc and the masseter muscle were compressed and deformed under the stress. Conclusion With the aid of FEM, the injury process of TMJ under the impact load of different velocities on the angle of mandibular simulate is stimulated. The model can quickly and accurately predict the injury types of TMJ structures and guide clinical protection.
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