Solid-phase extraction cartridges with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and effect of the oxygen functionalities on the recovery efficiency of organic micropollutants
Abstract Pristine and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were investigated as adsorbent materials inside solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges for extraction and preconcentration of 8 EU-relevant organic micropollutants (with different pKa and polarity) before chromatographic an...
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doaj-cb4c441d539d4cc5846f268f340381b52020-12-20T12:29:03ZengNature Publishing GroupScientific Reports2045-23222020-12-0110111210.1038/s41598-020-79244-8Solid-phase extraction cartridges with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and effect of the oxygen functionalities on the recovery efficiency of organic micropollutantsMarta O. Barbosa0Rui S. Ribeiro1Ana R. L. Ribeiro2M. Fernando R. Pereira3Adrián M. T. Silva4Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do PortoLaboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do PortoLaboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do PortoLaboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do PortoLaboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do PortoAbstract Pristine and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were investigated as adsorbent materials inside solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges for extraction and preconcentration of 8 EU-relevant organic micropollutants (with different pKa and polarity) before chromatographic analysis of surface water. The recoveries obtained were > 60% for 5/8 target pollutants (acetamiprid, atrazine, carbamazepine, diclofenac, and isoproturon) using a low amount of this reusable adsorbent (50 mg) and an eco-friendly solvent (ethanol) for both conditioning and elution steps. The introduction of oxygenated surface groups in the carbon nanotubes by using a controlled HNO3 hydrothermal oxidation method, considerably improved the recoveries obtained for PFOS (perfluorooctanesulfonic acid) and methiocarb, which was ascribed to the hydrogen bond adsorption mechanism, but decreased those observed for the pesticide acetamiprid and for two pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine and diclofenac), suggesting π–π dispersive interactions. Moreover, a good correlation was found between the recovery obtained for methiocarb and the amount of oxygenated surface groups on functionalized MWCNTs, which was mainly attributed to the increase of phenols and carbonyl and quinone groups. Thus, the HNO3 hydrothermal oxidation method can be used to finely tune the surface chemistry (and texture) of MWCNTs according to the specific micropollutants to be extracted and quantified in real water samples.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79244-8 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Marta O. Barbosa Rui S. Ribeiro Ana R. L. Ribeiro M. Fernando R. Pereira Adrián M. T. Silva |
spellingShingle |
Marta O. Barbosa Rui S. Ribeiro Ana R. L. Ribeiro M. Fernando R. Pereira Adrián M. T. Silva Solid-phase extraction cartridges with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and effect of the oxygen functionalities on the recovery efficiency of organic micropollutants Scientific Reports |
author_facet |
Marta O. Barbosa Rui S. Ribeiro Ana R. L. Ribeiro M. Fernando R. Pereira Adrián M. T. Silva |
author_sort |
Marta O. Barbosa |
title |
Solid-phase extraction cartridges with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and effect of the oxygen functionalities on the recovery efficiency of organic micropollutants |
title_short |
Solid-phase extraction cartridges with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and effect of the oxygen functionalities on the recovery efficiency of organic micropollutants |
title_full |
Solid-phase extraction cartridges with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and effect of the oxygen functionalities on the recovery efficiency of organic micropollutants |
title_fullStr |
Solid-phase extraction cartridges with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and effect of the oxygen functionalities on the recovery efficiency of organic micropollutants |
title_full_unstemmed |
Solid-phase extraction cartridges with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and effect of the oxygen functionalities on the recovery efficiency of organic micropollutants |
title_sort |
solid-phase extraction cartridges with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and effect of the oxygen functionalities on the recovery efficiency of organic micropollutants |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
series |
Scientific Reports |
issn |
2045-2322 |
publishDate |
2020-12-01 |
description |
Abstract Pristine and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were investigated as adsorbent materials inside solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges for extraction and preconcentration of 8 EU-relevant organic micropollutants (with different pKa and polarity) before chromatographic analysis of surface water. The recoveries obtained were > 60% for 5/8 target pollutants (acetamiprid, atrazine, carbamazepine, diclofenac, and isoproturon) using a low amount of this reusable adsorbent (50 mg) and an eco-friendly solvent (ethanol) for both conditioning and elution steps. The introduction of oxygenated surface groups in the carbon nanotubes by using a controlled HNO3 hydrothermal oxidation method, considerably improved the recoveries obtained for PFOS (perfluorooctanesulfonic acid) and methiocarb, which was ascribed to the hydrogen bond adsorption mechanism, but decreased those observed for the pesticide acetamiprid and for two pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine and diclofenac), suggesting π–π dispersive interactions. Moreover, a good correlation was found between the recovery obtained for methiocarb and the amount of oxygenated surface groups on functionalized MWCNTs, which was mainly attributed to the increase of phenols and carbonyl and quinone groups. Thus, the HNO3 hydrothermal oxidation method can be used to finely tune the surface chemistry (and texture) of MWCNTs according to the specific micropollutants to be extracted and quantified in real water samples. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79244-8 |
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