Preliminary Equipment Design for On-Board Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming in Palladium Membrane Reactors
Hydrogen, as an energy carrier, can take the main role in the transition to a new energy model based on renewable sources. However, its application in the transport sector is limited by its difficult storage and the lack of infrastructure for its distribution. On-board H2 production is proposed as a...
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doaj-cbeb9fe0bc584504a26a262ab53628142020-11-25T00:50:50ZengMDPI AGChemEngineering2305-70842019-01-0131610.3390/chemengineering3010006chemengineering3010006Preliminary Equipment Design for On-Board Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming in Palladium Membrane ReactorsMarina Holgado0David Alique1Department of Chemical, Energy and Mechanical Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, SpainDepartment of Chemical, Energy and Mechanical Technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, SpainHydrogen, as an energy carrier, can take the main role in the transition to a new energy model based on renewable sources. However, its application in the transport sector is limited by its difficult storage and the lack of infrastructure for its distribution. On-board H2 production is proposed as a possible solution to these problems, especially in the case of considering renewable feedstocks such as bio-ethanol or bio-methane. This work addresses a first approach for analyzing the viability of these alternatives by using Pd-membrane reactors in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEM-FC) vehicles. It has been demonstrated that the use of Pd-based membrane reactors enhances hydrogen productivity and provides enough pure hydrogen to feed the PEM-FC requirements in one single step. Both alternatives seem to be feasible, although the methane-based on-board hydrogen production offers some additional advantages. For this case, it is possible to generate 1.82 kmol h−1 of pure H2 to feed the PEM-FC while minimizing the CO2 emissions to 71 g CO2/100 km. This value would be under the future emissions limits proposed by the European Union (EU) for year 2020. In this case, the operating conditions of the on-board reformer are T = 650 °C, Pret = 10 bar and H2O/CH4 = 2.25, requiring 1 kg of catalyst load and a membrane area of 1.76 m2.http://www.mdpi.com/2305-7084/3/1/6hydrogenon-boardsteam reformingethanolmethanemembrane reactorpalladiummodeling |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Marina Holgado David Alique |
spellingShingle |
Marina Holgado David Alique Preliminary Equipment Design for On-Board Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming in Palladium Membrane Reactors ChemEngineering hydrogen on-board steam reforming ethanol methane membrane reactor palladium modeling |
author_facet |
Marina Holgado David Alique |
author_sort |
Marina Holgado |
title |
Preliminary Equipment Design for On-Board Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming in Palladium Membrane Reactors |
title_short |
Preliminary Equipment Design for On-Board Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming in Palladium Membrane Reactors |
title_full |
Preliminary Equipment Design for On-Board Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming in Palladium Membrane Reactors |
title_fullStr |
Preliminary Equipment Design for On-Board Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming in Palladium Membrane Reactors |
title_full_unstemmed |
Preliminary Equipment Design for On-Board Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming in Palladium Membrane Reactors |
title_sort |
preliminary equipment design for on-board hydrogen production by steam reforming in palladium membrane reactors |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
ChemEngineering |
issn |
2305-7084 |
publishDate |
2019-01-01 |
description |
Hydrogen, as an energy carrier, can take the main role in the transition to a new energy model based on renewable sources. However, its application in the transport sector is limited by its difficult storage and the lack of infrastructure for its distribution. On-board H2 production is proposed as a possible solution to these problems, especially in the case of considering renewable feedstocks such as bio-ethanol or bio-methane. This work addresses a first approach for analyzing the viability of these alternatives by using Pd-membrane reactors in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEM-FC) vehicles. It has been demonstrated that the use of Pd-based membrane reactors enhances hydrogen productivity and provides enough pure hydrogen to feed the PEM-FC requirements in one single step. Both alternatives seem to be feasible, although the methane-based on-board hydrogen production offers some additional advantages. For this case, it is possible to generate 1.82 kmol h−1 of pure H2 to feed the PEM-FC while minimizing the CO2 emissions to 71 g CO2/100 km. This value would be under the future emissions limits proposed by the European Union (EU) for year 2020. In this case, the operating conditions of the on-board reformer are T = 650 °C, Pret = 10 bar and H2O/CH4 = 2.25, requiring 1 kg of catalyst load and a membrane area of 1.76 m2. |
topic |
hydrogen on-board steam reforming ethanol methane membrane reactor palladium modeling |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2305-7084/3/1/6 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT marinaholgado preliminaryequipmentdesignforonboardhydrogenproductionbysteamreforminginpalladiummembranereactors AT davidalique preliminaryequipmentdesignforonboardhydrogenproductionbysteamreforminginpalladiummembranereactors |
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