Neurological complications after cardiac surgery: a retrospective case-control study of risk factors and outcome
Abstract Background To evaluate incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of postoperative neurological complications in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods A total of 2121 patients underwent cardiac surgery between August, 2008 and December, 2013; 91/2121 (4.3%) underwent brain computed tomogr...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2019-01-01
|
Series: | Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13019-019-0844-8 |
id |
doaj-cc5c65af7d51427391b1e7c94153d84b |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-cc5c65af7d51427391b1e7c94153d84b2020-11-25T02:21:34ZengBMCJournal of Cardiothoracic Surgery1749-80902019-01-011411910.1186/s13019-019-0844-8Neurological complications after cardiac surgery: a retrospective case-control study of risk factors and outcomeGiuseppe Maria Raffa0Francesco Agnello1Giovanna Occhipinti2Roberto Miraglia3Vincenzina Lo Re4Gianluca Marrone5Fabio Tuzzolino6Antonio Arcadipane7Michele Pilato8Angelo Luca9Cardiac Surgery and Heart Transplantation Unit, Department for the Treatment and Study of Cardiothoracic Diseases and Cardiothoracic Transplantation, IRCCS – ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione)Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services, Radiology Unit, IRCCS – ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione)Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, IRCCS – ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione)Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services, Radiology Unit, IRCCS – ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione)Neurology Service, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services, IRCCS – ISMETTDiagnostic and Therapeutic Services, Radiology Unit, IRCCS – ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione)Statistician, Research Office, IRCCS ISMETT (Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies)Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, IRCCS – ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione)Cardiac Surgery and Heart Transplantation Unit, Department for the Treatment and Study of Cardiothoracic Diseases and Cardiothoracic Transplantation, IRCCS – ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione)Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services, Radiology Unit, IRCCS – ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione)Abstract Background To evaluate incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of postoperative neurological complications in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods A total of 2121 patients underwent cardiac surgery between August, 2008 and December, 2013; 91/2121 (4.3%) underwent brain computed tomography (70/91, 77%) or magnetic resonance imaging (21/91, 23%) scan because of major stroke (37/2121, 1.7%) and a spectrum of transient neurological episodes as well as transient ischemic attacks and delirium /psychosis/seizures (54/2121, 2.5%). The mean age was 65.3 ± 12.1 years and 60 (65.9%) were male. Variables were compared among study- and matched-patients (n = 113) without neurological deficits. Results A total of 37/2121 (1.7%) patients had imaging evidence of stroke. Radiological examinations were done 5.72 ± 3.6 days after surgery. Patients with and without imaging evidence of stroke had longer intensive care unit length of stay (LOS) (13.8 ± 14.7 and 12.9 ± 15 days vs. 5.7 ± 12.1 days, respectively (p < 0.001) and hospital LOS (53 ± 72.8 and 35.5 ± 29.8 days vs. 18.4 ± 29.2 days, respectively (p < 0.001) than the control group. The hospital mortality of patients with and without imaging evidence of stroke was higher than the control group (7/37 patients [19%], and 12/54 patients [22%] vs. 4/115 patients [3%], respectively (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that bilateral internal carotid artery stenosis of any grade (p < .001), and re-do operations (p = .013) increased the risk of postoperative neurological complications. Conclusions Neurological complications after cardiac surgery increase hospitalization and mortality even in patients without radiologic evidence of stroke. Bilateral internal carotid artery stenosis of any grade, suggesting a diffuse patient propensity toward atherosclerosis, and re-do operations increase the risk of postoperative neurological complications.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13019-019-0844-8AtherosclerosisCarotid arteriesCT-scanMRINeurocognitive deficitsCardiac surgery |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Giuseppe Maria Raffa Francesco Agnello Giovanna Occhipinti Roberto Miraglia Vincenzina Lo Re Gianluca Marrone Fabio Tuzzolino Antonio Arcadipane Michele Pilato Angelo Luca |
spellingShingle |
Giuseppe Maria Raffa Francesco Agnello Giovanna Occhipinti Roberto Miraglia Vincenzina Lo Re Gianluca Marrone Fabio Tuzzolino Antonio Arcadipane Michele Pilato Angelo Luca Neurological complications after cardiac surgery: a retrospective case-control study of risk factors and outcome Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Atherosclerosis Carotid arteries CT-scan MRI Neurocognitive deficits Cardiac surgery |
author_facet |
Giuseppe Maria Raffa Francesco Agnello Giovanna Occhipinti Roberto Miraglia Vincenzina Lo Re Gianluca Marrone Fabio Tuzzolino Antonio Arcadipane Michele Pilato Angelo Luca |
author_sort |
Giuseppe Maria Raffa |
title |
Neurological complications after cardiac surgery: a retrospective case-control study of risk factors and outcome |
title_short |
Neurological complications after cardiac surgery: a retrospective case-control study of risk factors and outcome |
title_full |
Neurological complications after cardiac surgery: a retrospective case-control study of risk factors and outcome |
title_fullStr |
Neurological complications after cardiac surgery: a retrospective case-control study of risk factors and outcome |
title_full_unstemmed |
Neurological complications after cardiac surgery: a retrospective case-control study of risk factors and outcome |
title_sort |
neurological complications after cardiac surgery: a retrospective case-control study of risk factors and outcome |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery |
issn |
1749-8090 |
publishDate |
2019-01-01 |
description |
Abstract Background To evaluate incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of postoperative neurological complications in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods A total of 2121 patients underwent cardiac surgery between August, 2008 and December, 2013; 91/2121 (4.3%) underwent brain computed tomography (70/91, 77%) or magnetic resonance imaging (21/91, 23%) scan because of major stroke (37/2121, 1.7%) and a spectrum of transient neurological episodes as well as transient ischemic attacks and delirium /psychosis/seizures (54/2121, 2.5%). The mean age was 65.3 ± 12.1 years and 60 (65.9%) were male. Variables were compared among study- and matched-patients (n = 113) without neurological deficits. Results A total of 37/2121 (1.7%) patients had imaging evidence of stroke. Radiological examinations were done 5.72 ± 3.6 days after surgery. Patients with and without imaging evidence of stroke had longer intensive care unit length of stay (LOS) (13.8 ± 14.7 and 12.9 ± 15 days vs. 5.7 ± 12.1 days, respectively (p < 0.001) and hospital LOS (53 ± 72.8 and 35.5 ± 29.8 days vs. 18.4 ± 29.2 days, respectively (p < 0.001) than the control group. The hospital mortality of patients with and without imaging evidence of stroke was higher than the control group (7/37 patients [19%], and 12/54 patients [22%] vs. 4/115 patients [3%], respectively (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that bilateral internal carotid artery stenosis of any grade (p < .001), and re-do operations (p = .013) increased the risk of postoperative neurological complications. Conclusions Neurological complications after cardiac surgery increase hospitalization and mortality even in patients without radiologic evidence of stroke. Bilateral internal carotid artery stenosis of any grade, suggesting a diffuse patient propensity toward atherosclerosis, and re-do operations increase the risk of postoperative neurological complications. |
topic |
Atherosclerosis Carotid arteries CT-scan MRI Neurocognitive deficits Cardiac surgery |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13019-019-0844-8 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT giuseppemariaraffa neurologicalcomplicationsaftercardiacsurgeryaretrospectivecasecontrolstudyofriskfactorsandoutcome AT francescoagnello neurologicalcomplicationsaftercardiacsurgeryaretrospectivecasecontrolstudyofriskfactorsandoutcome AT giovannaocchipinti neurologicalcomplicationsaftercardiacsurgeryaretrospectivecasecontrolstudyofriskfactorsandoutcome AT robertomiraglia neurologicalcomplicationsaftercardiacsurgeryaretrospectivecasecontrolstudyofriskfactorsandoutcome AT vincenzinalore neurologicalcomplicationsaftercardiacsurgeryaretrospectivecasecontrolstudyofriskfactorsandoutcome AT gianlucamarrone neurologicalcomplicationsaftercardiacsurgeryaretrospectivecasecontrolstudyofriskfactorsandoutcome AT fabiotuzzolino neurologicalcomplicationsaftercardiacsurgeryaretrospectivecasecontrolstudyofriskfactorsandoutcome AT antonioarcadipane neurologicalcomplicationsaftercardiacsurgeryaretrospectivecasecontrolstudyofriskfactorsandoutcome AT michelepilato neurologicalcomplicationsaftercardiacsurgeryaretrospectivecasecontrolstudyofriskfactorsandoutcome AT angeloluca neurologicalcomplicationsaftercardiacsurgeryaretrospectivecasecontrolstudyofriskfactorsandoutcome |
_version_ |
1724865450567794688 |