Water–Air Interface Greenhouse Gas Emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O) Emissions Were Amplified by Continuous Dams in an Urban River in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China
Continuous dams may lead to great variation in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from rivers, which contribute more uncertainty to regional carbon balance. This study is among the first to determine water−air interface GHGs (CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub...
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MDPI AG
2020-03-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/3/759 |
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doaj-cc7941cf46684577816d849cbb9e24f82020-11-25T03:29:28ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412020-03-0112375910.3390/w12030759w12030759Water–Air Interface Greenhouse Gas Emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O) Emissions Were Amplified by Continuous Dams in an Urban River in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, ChinaDengxing Yang0Xufeng Mao1Xiaoyan Wei2Yaqing Tao3Zhifa Zhang4Jianhai Ma5School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, Shaanxi, ChinaQinghai Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Processes, Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Surface Process and Ecological Conservation, Ministry of Education, Xining 810000, Qinghai, ChinaSchool of Economics and Management, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810000, Qinghai, ChinaHuangshui National Wetland Park, Xining 810007, Qinghai, ChinaHuangshui National Wetland Park, Xining 810007, Qinghai, ChinaResearch Monitoring and Evaluation Centre of Qinghai National Park, Xining 810008, Qinghai, ChinaContinuous dams may lead to great variation in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from rivers, which contribute more uncertainty to regional carbon balance. This study is among the first to determine water−air interface GHGs (CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O) in a river with continuous dams in plateau city. Combined static-chamber gas and meteorological chromatography were utilized to monitor the GHGs emission flux at the water−air interface within four continuous dams in the Huoshaogou River in the Qinghai−Tibet Plateau, China. A variation coefficient (VC) and amplification coefficient (AC) were designed to detect the influence of continuous dams on GHG emissions. Results indicate that (1) cascade dams presented an amplifying effect on GHGs emissions from the water-air interface. The VCs of three types of GHGs are 3.7−6.7 times higher than those of the undammed area. The ACs of three types of GHGs are 2.7−4.1 times larger than environmental factors; (2) the average GHG emission fluxes in some dams are higher than that of the first dam, indicating that an amplifying effect may have been accumulated by some continuous dams; (3) EC, pH, T<sub>water</sub>, T<sub>air</sub> and TDS are found to be principle influencing factors of GHG emission and light intensity, T<sub>water</sub>, TOC (plant), TN (sediment) and TOC (sediment) are found to be associated with accumulative changes in GHG emission.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/3/759amplification effectcumulative effectscontinuous damsghgsriver |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
English |
| format |
Article |
| sources |
DOAJ |
| author |
Dengxing Yang Xufeng Mao Xiaoyan Wei Yaqing Tao Zhifa Zhang Jianhai Ma |
| spellingShingle |
Dengxing Yang Xufeng Mao Xiaoyan Wei Yaqing Tao Zhifa Zhang Jianhai Ma Water–Air Interface Greenhouse Gas Emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O) Emissions Were Amplified by Continuous Dams in an Urban River in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China Water amplification effect cumulative effects continuous dams ghgs river |
| author_facet |
Dengxing Yang Xufeng Mao Xiaoyan Wei Yaqing Tao Zhifa Zhang Jianhai Ma |
| author_sort |
Dengxing Yang |
| title |
Water–Air Interface Greenhouse Gas Emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O) Emissions Were Amplified by Continuous Dams in an Urban River in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China |
| title_short |
Water–Air Interface Greenhouse Gas Emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O) Emissions Were Amplified by Continuous Dams in an Urban River in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China |
| title_full |
Water–Air Interface Greenhouse Gas Emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O) Emissions Were Amplified by Continuous Dams in an Urban River in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China |
| title_fullStr |
Water–Air Interface Greenhouse Gas Emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O) Emissions Were Amplified by Continuous Dams in an Urban River in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Water–Air Interface Greenhouse Gas Emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O) Emissions Were Amplified by Continuous Dams in an Urban River in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China |
| title_sort |
water–air interface greenhouse gas emissions (co<sub>2</sub>, ch<sub>4</sub>, and n<sub>2</sub>o) emissions were amplified by continuous dams in an urban river in qinghai–tibet plateau, china |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| series |
Water |
| issn |
2073-4441 |
| publishDate |
2020-03-01 |
| description |
Continuous dams may lead to great variation in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from rivers, which contribute more uncertainty to regional carbon balance. This study is among the first to determine water−air interface GHGs (CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O) in a river with continuous dams in plateau city. Combined static-chamber gas and meteorological chromatography were utilized to monitor the GHGs emission flux at the water−air interface within four continuous dams in the Huoshaogou River in the Qinghai−Tibet Plateau, China. A variation coefficient (VC) and amplification coefficient (AC) were designed to detect the influence of continuous dams on GHG emissions. Results indicate that (1) cascade dams presented an amplifying effect on GHGs emissions from the water-air interface. The VCs of three types of GHGs are 3.7−6.7 times higher than those of the undammed area. The ACs of three types of GHGs are 2.7−4.1 times larger than environmental factors; (2) the average GHG emission fluxes in some dams are higher than that of the first dam, indicating that an amplifying effect may have been accumulated by some continuous dams; (3) EC, pH, T<sub>water</sub>, T<sub>air</sub> and TDS are found to be principle influencing factors of GHG emission and light intensity, T<sub>water</sub>, TOC (plant), TN (sediment) and TOC (sediment) are found to be associated with accumulative changes in GHG emission. |
| topic |
amplification effect cumulative effects continuous dams ghgs river |
| url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/3/759 |
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