Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food
Abstract The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins (PCDD/Fs) and DL‐PCBs in feed and food. The data from experimental animal and epidemiological studies were reviewed and it was decided to base the human ri...
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doaj-ccf6505b91b14eccb51e2f30e9acf4552021-05-02T09:43:21ZengWileyEFSA Journal1831-47322018-11-011611n/an/a10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5333Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and foodEFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM)Helle Katrine KnutsenJan AlexanderLars BarregårdMargherita BignamiBeat BrüschweilerSandra CeccatelliBruce CottrillMichael DinoviLutz EdlerBettina Grasl‐KrauppChrister HogstrandCarlo Stefano NebbiaIsabelle P OswaldAnnette PetersenMartin RoseAlain‐Claude RoudotTanja SchwerdtleChristiane VleminckxGünter VollmerHeather WallacePeter FürstHelen HåkanssonThorhallur HalldorssonAnne‐Katrine LundebyeRaimo PohjanvirtaLars RylanderAndrew SmithHenk van LoverenIne Waalkens‐BerendsenMarco ZeilmakerMarco BinagliaJosé Ángel Gómez RuizZsuzsanna HorváthEugen ChristophLaura CiccolalloLuisa Ramos BordajandiHans SteinkellnerLaurentius (Ron) HoogenboomAbstract The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins (PCDD/Fs) and DL‐PCBs in feed and food. The data from experimental animal and epidemiological studies were reviewed and it was decided to base the human risk assessment on effects observed in humans and to use animal data as supportive evidence. The critical effect was on semen quality, following pre‐ and postnatal exposure. The critical study showed a NOAEL of 7.0 pg WHO2005‐TEQ/g fat in blood sampled at age 9 years based on PCDD/F‐TEQs. No association was observed when including DL‐PCB‐TEQs. Using toxicokinetic modelling and taking into account the exposure from breastfeeding and a twofold higher intake during childhood, it was estimated that daily exposure in adolescents and adults should be below 0.25 pg TEQ/kg bw/day. The CONTAM Panel established a TWI of 2 pg TEQ/kg bw/week. With occurrence and consumption data from European countries, the mean and P95 intake of total TEQ by Adolescents, Adults, Elderly and Very Elderly varied between, respectively, 2.1 to 10.5, and 5.3 to 30.4 pg TEQ/kg bw/week, implying a considerable exceedance of the TWI. Toddlers and Other Children showed a higher exposure than older age groups, but this was accounted for when deriving the TWI. Exposure to PCDD/F‐TEQ only was on average 2.4‐ and 2.7‐fold lower for mean and P95 exposure than for total TEQ. PCDD/Fs and DL‐PCBs are transferred to milk and eggs, and accumulate in fatty tissues and liver. Transfer rates and bioconcentration factors were identified for various species. The CONTAM Panel was not able to identify reference values in most farm and companion animals with the exception of NOAELs for mink, chicken and some fish species. The estimated exposure from feed for these species does not imply a risk.https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5333DioxinsPCDD/FsDL‐PCBsfoodfeedrisk assessment |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) Helle Katrine Knutsen Jan Alexander Lars Barregård Margherita Bignami Beat Brüschweiler Sandra Ceccatelli Bruce Cottrill Michael Dinovi Lutz Edler Bettina Grasl‐Kraupp Christer Hogstrand Carlo Stefano Nebbia Isabelle P Oswald Annette Petersen Martin Rose Alain‐Claude Roudot Tanja Schwerdtle Christiane Vleminckx Günter Vollmer Heather Wallace Peter Fürst Helen Håkansson Thorhallur Halldorsson Anne‐Katrine Lundebye Raimo Pohjanvirta Lars Rylander Andrew Smith Henk van Loveren Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen Marco Zeilmaker Marco Binaglia José Ángel Gómez Ruiz Zsuzsanna Horváth Eugen Christoph Laura Ciccolallo Luisa Ramos Bordajandi Hans Steinkellner Laurentius (Ron) Hoogenboom |
spellingShingle |
EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) Helle Katrine Knutsen Jan Alexander Lars Barregård Margherita Bignami Beat Brüschweiler Sandra Ceccatelli Bruce Cottrill Michael Dinovi Lutz Edler Bettina Grasl‐Kraupp Christer Hogstrand Carlo Stefano Nebbia Isabelle P Oswald Annette Petersen Martin Rose Alain‐Claude Roudot Tanja Schwerdtle Christiane Vleminckx Günter Vollmer Heather Wallace Peter Fürst Helen Håkansson Thorhallur Halldorsson Anne‐Katrine Lundebye Raimo Pohjanvirta Lars Rylander Andrew Smith Henk van Loveren Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen Marco Zeilmaker Marco Binaglia José Ángel Gómez Ruiz Zsuzsanna Horváth Eugen Christoph Laura Ciccolallo Luisa Ramos Bordajandi Hans Steinkellner Laurentius (Ron) Hoogenboom Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food EFSA Journal Dioxins PCDD/Fs DL‐PCBs food feed risk assessment |
author_facet |
EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) Helle Katrine Knutsen Jan Alexander Lars Barregård Margherita Bignami Beat Brüschweiler Sandra Ceccatelli Bruce Cottrill Michael Dinovi Lutz Edler Bettina Grasl‐Kraupp Christer Hogstrand Carlo Stefano Nebbia Isabelle P Oswald Annette Petersen Martin Rose Alain‐Claude Roudot Tanja Schwerdtle Christiane Vleminckx Günter Vollmer Heather Wallace Peter Fürst Helen Håkansson Thorhallur Halldorsson Anne‐Katrine Lundebye Raimo Pohjanvirta Lars Rylander Andrew Smith Henk van Loveren Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen Marco Zeilmaker Marco Binaglia José Ángel Gómez Ruiz Zsuzsanna Horváth Eugen Christoph Laura Ciccolallo Luisa Ramos Bordajandi Hans Steinkellner Laurentius (Ron) Hoogenboom |
author_sort |
EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) |
title |
Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food |
title_short |
Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food |
title_full |
Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food |
title_fullStr |
Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food |
title_full_unstemmed |
Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food |
title_sort |
risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like pcbs in feed and food |
publisher |
Wiley |
series |
EFSA Journal |
issn |
1831-4732 |
publishDate |
2018-11-01 |
description |
Abstract The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins (PCDD/Fs) and DL‐PCBs in feed and food. The data from experimental animal and epidemiological studies were reviewed and it was decided to base the human risk assessment on effects observed in humans and to use animal data as supportive evidence. The critical effect was on semen quality, following pre‐ and postnatal exposure. The critical study showed a NOAEL of 7.0 pg WHO2005‐TEQ/g fat in blood sampled at age 9 years based on PCDD/F‐TEQs. No association was observed when including DL‐PCB‐TEQs. Using toxicokinetic modelling and taking into account the exposure from breastfeeding and a twofold higher intake during childhood, it was estimated that daily exposure in adolescents and adults should be below 0.25 pg TEQ/kg bw/day. The CONTAM Panel established a TWI of 2 pg TEQ/kg bw/week. With occurrence and consumption data from European countries, the mean and P95 intake of total TEQ by Adolescents, Adults, Elderly and Very Elderly varied between, respectively, 2.1 to 10.5, and 5.3 to 30.4 pg TEQ/kg bw/week, implying a considerable exceedance of the TWI. Toddlers and Other Children showed a higher exposure than older age groups, but this was accounted for when deriving the TWI. Exposure to PCDD/F‐TEQ only was on average 2.4‐ and 2.7‐fold lower for mean and P95 exposure than for total TEQ. PCDD/Fs and DL‐PCBs are transferred to milk and eggs, and accumulate in fatty tissues and liver. Transfer rates and bioconcentration factors were identified for various species. The CONTAM Panel was not able to identify reference values in most farm and companion animals with the exception of NOAELs for mink, chicken and some fish species. The estimated exposure from feed for these species does not imply a risk. |
topic |
Dioxins PCDD/Fs DL‐PCBs food feed risk assessment |
url |
https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5333 |
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