Introduction, adaptation and characterization of monk fruit (Siraitia grosvenorii): a non-caloric new natural sweetener
Abstract Siraitia grosvenorii, an herbaceous perennial plant, native to the southern parts of China, is commonly used as a low-calorie natural sweetener. It contains cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides known as mogrosides. The extract from monk fruit is about 300 times sweeter than sucrose. In sp...
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doaj-ccf9c786aeb040229acf0cf360ae68062021-03-21T12:33:50ZengNature Publishing GroupScientific Reports2045-23222021-03-0111111310.1038/s41598-021-85689-2Introduction, adaptation and characterization of monk fruit (Siraitia grosvenorii): a non-caloric new natural sweetenerShivani0Babit Kumar Thakur1C. P. Mallikarjun2Mitali Mahajan3Priya Kapoor4Jigyasa Malhotra5Rimpy Dhiman6Dinesh Kumar7Probir Kumar Pal8Sanjay Kumar9Division of Agrotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT)Division of Agrotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT)Division of Agrotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT)Division of Agrotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT)Division of Agrotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT)Division of Chemical Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT)Division of Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT)Division of Chemical Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT)Division of Agrotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT)Division of Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT)Abstract Siraitia grosvenorii, an herbaceous perennial plant, native to the southern parts of China, is commonly used as a low-calorie natural sweetener. It contains cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides known as mogrosides. The extract from monk fruit is about 300 times sweeter than sucrose. In spite of its immense importance and International demand, Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) is not commercially cultivated outside China since scientific information for cultivation of this species is lacking. Planting material of monk fruit plant was not available in India. Thus, the seeds of monk fruit were introduced in India from China after following International norms. Then the experiments were conducted on different aspects such as seed germination, morphological and anatomical characterization, phenology, flowering and pollination behaviors, and dynamic of mogroside-V accumulation in fruit. The hydropriming at 40 °C for 24 h was found effective to reduce the germination time and to increase the germination rate (77.33%). The multicellular uniseriate trichomes were observed in both the leaf surfaces, however, higher trichomes density was observed in the ventral surface of males compared to females. The microscopic view revealed that the ovary was trilocular (ovary consists three chambers) having two ovules in each chamber or locule. Most of the fruits were globose or oblong type with 5–7 cm in length and 4–7 cm diameter. Mogroside-V content in fruit at 80 days after pollination was 0.69% on dry weight basis. The rate of increase of mogroside-V accumulation from 50 to 70 days was very slow, whereas a sharp increase was observed from 70 to 80 days. The higher receptivity of stigma was observed with fully open flowers. The floral diagram and formula have also been developed for both male and female flowers. Our results highlighted that monk fruit can be grown in Indian conditions.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85689-2 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Shivani Babit Kumar Thakur C. P. Mallikarjun Mitali Mahajan Priya Kapoor Jigyasa Malhotra Rimpy Dhiman Dinesh Kumar Probir Kumar Pal Sanjay Kumar |
spellingShingle |
Shivani Babit Kumar Thakur C. P. Mallikarjun Mitali Mahajan Priya Kapoor Jigyasa Malhotra Rimpy Dhiman Dinesh Kumar Probir Kumar Pal Sanjay Kumar Introduction, adaptation and characterization of monk fruit (Siraitia grosvenorii): a non-caloric new natural sweetener Scientific Reports |
author_facet |
Shivani Babit Kumar Thakur C. P. Mallikarjun Mitali Mahajan Priya Kapoor Jigyasa Malhotra Rimpy Dhiman Dinesh Kumar Probir Kumar Pal Sanjay Kumar |
author_sort |
Shivani |
title |
Introduction, adaptation and characterization of monk fruit (Siraitia grosvenorii): a non-caloric new natural sweetener |
title_short |
Introduction, adaptation and characterization of monk fruit (Siraitia grosvenorii): a non-caloric new natural sweetener |
title_full |
Introduction, adaptation and characterization of monk fruit (Siraitia grosvenorii): a non-caloric new natural sweetener |
title_fullStr |
Introduction, adaptation and characterization of monk fruit (Siraitia grosvenorii): a non-caloric new natural sweetener |
title_full_unstemmed |
Introduction, adaptation and characterization of monk fruit (Siraitia grosvenorii): a non-caloric new natural sweetener |
title_sort |
introduction, adaptation and characterization of monk fruit (siraitia grosvenorii): a non-caloric new natural sweetener |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
series |
Scientific Reports |
issn |
2045-2322 |
publishDate |
2021-03-01 |
description |
Abstract Siraitia grosvenorii, an herbaceous perennial plant, native to the southern parts of China, is commonly used as a low-calorie natural sweetener. It contains cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides known as mogrosides. The extract from monk fruit is about 300 times sweeter than sucrose. In spite of its immense importance and International demand, Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) is not commercially cultivated outside China since scientific information for cultivation of this species is lacking. Planting material of monk fruit plant was not available in India. Thus, the seeds of monk fruit were introduced in India from China after following International norms. Then the experiments were conducted on different aspects such as seed germination, morphological and anatomical characterization, phenology, flowering and pollination behaviors, and dynamic of mogroside-V accumulation in fruit. The hydropriming at 40 °C for 24 h was found effective to reduce the germination time and to increase the germination rate (77.33%). The multicellular uniseriate trichomes were observed in both the leaf surfaces, however, higher trichomes density was observed in the ventral surface of males compared to females. The microscopic view revealed that the ovary was trilocular (ovary consists three chambers) having two ovules in each chamber or locule. Most of the fruits were globose or oblong type with 5–7 cm in length and 4–7 cm diameter. Mogroside-V content in fruit at 80 days after pollination was 0.69% on dry weight basis. The rate of increase of mogroside-V accumulation from 50 to 70 days was very slow, whereas a sharp increase was observed from 70 to 80 days. The higher receptivity of stigma was observed with fully open flowers. The floral diagram and formula have also been developed for both male and female flowers. Our results highlighted that monk fruit can be grown in Indian conditions. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85689-2 |
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