Serum Peptide Immunoglobulin G Autoantibody Response in Patients with Different Central Nervous System Inflammatory Demyelinating Disorders

• Main Authors: Hye Lim Lee, Jin-Woo Park, Jin Myoung Seok, Mi Young Jeon, Hojin Kim, Young-Min Lim, Ha Young Shin, Sa-Yoon Kang, Oh-Hyun Kwon, Sang-Soo Lee, Hung Youl Seok, Ju-Hong Min, Sung-Hyun Lee, Byung-Jo Kim, Byoung Joon Kim
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-07-01
• Series: Diagnostics
• Subjects: CNS inflammatory demyelinating disorder; peptide microarray; IgG response
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/8/1339

Previous efforts to discover new surrogate markers for the central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory demyelinating disorders have shown inconsistent results; moreover, supporting evidence is scarce. The present study investigated the IgG autoantibody responses to various viral and autoantibodies-related peptides proposed to be related to CNS inflammatory demyelinating disorders using the peptide microarray method. We customized a peptide microarray containing more than 2440 immobilized peptides representing human and viral autoantigens. Using this, we tested the sera of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD seropositive, <i>n</i> = 6; NMOSD seronegative, <i>n</i> = 5), multiple sclerosis (MS, <i>n</i> = 5), and myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD, <i>n</i> = 6), as well as healthy controls (HC, <i>n</i> = 5) and compared various peptide immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses between the groups. Among the statistically significant peptides based on the pairwise comparisons of IgG responses in each disease group to HC, cytomegalovirus (CMV)-related peptides were most clearly distinguishable among the study groups. In particular, the most significant differences in IgG response were observed for HC vs. MS and HC vs. seronegative NMOSD (<i>p</i> = 0.064). Relatively higher IgG responses to CMV-related peptides were observed in patients with MS and NMOSD based on analysis of the customized peptide microarray.