Does Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) distribute its galls randomly?
It is expected that environmental conditions impact the distribution of galls on host plants. Moreover, insects may induce their galls randomly or choose certain parts of a host to induce such growths. This study aimed to determine whether or not the gall midge, Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecido...
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Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Science
2018-09-01
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doaj-cd04ee642ff341b6a302144f0a9aa3e32021-04-16T20:35:59ZengInstitute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of ScienceEuropean Journal of Entomology1210-57591802-88292018-09-01115150451110.14411/eje.2018.050eje-201801-0050Does Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) distribute its galls randomly?Sebastian PILICHOWSKI0Marian J. GIERTYCH1University of Zielona Góra, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Prof. Z. Szafrana Str. 1, Zielona Góra 65-516, Poland; e-mail: s.pilichowski@wnb.uz.zgora.plUniversity of Zielona Góra, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Prof. Z. Szafrana Str. 1, Zielona Góra 65-516, Poland; e-mail: s.pilichowski@wnb.uz.zgora.plIt is expected that environmental conditions impact the distribution of galls on host plants. Moreover, insects may induce their galls randomly or choose certain parts of a host to induce such growths. This study aimed to determine whether or not the gall midge, Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), which induces galls on leaves of the European beech (Fagus sylvatica), prefers leaves facing a particular cardinal direction. In addition, we wanted to ascertain whether the galls are evenly spread across three leaf zones: proximal, median and distal, distinguished by dividing leaf area along the midrib. The results show that H. annulipes chose leaves facing various directions in different studied locations, and leaf choice is not restricted to the specific leaf area, a parameter that accurately reflects the light conditions of leaf growth. Moreover, the medial leaf zone was preferred, while the distal zone was avoided. The choice of the leaf zone modified the distance between the mid-rib and a gall. Gall distribution in the crown of trees is probably random, while at the leaf level, it is determined by leaf morphology.https://www.eje.cz/artkey/eje-201801-0050_Does_Hartigiola_annulipes_Diptera_Cecidomyiidae_distribute_its_galls_randomly.phpdipteracecidomyiidaehartigiola annulipesgall midgegall distributionleaf zonesspecific leaf areacardinal directions |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sebastian PILICHOWSKI Marian J. GIERTYCH |
spellingShingle |
Sebastian PILICHOWSKI Marian J. GIERTYCH Does Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) distribute its galls randomly? European Journal of Entomology diptera cecidomyiidae hartigiola annulipes gall midge gall distribution leaf zones specific leaf area cardinal directions |
author_facet |
Sebastian PILICHOWSKI Marian J. GIERTYCH |
author_sort |
Sebastian PILICHOWSKI |
title |
Does Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) distribute its galls randomly? |
title_short |
Does Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) distribute its galls randomly? |
title_full |
Does Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) distribute its galls randomly? |
title_fullStr |
Does Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) distribute its galls randomly? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Does Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) distribute its galls randomly? |
title_sort |
does hartigiola annulipes (diptera: cecidomyiidae) distribute its galls randomly? |
publisher |
Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Science |
series |
European Journal of Entomology |
issn |
1210-5759 1802-8829 |
publishDate |
2018-09-01 |
description |
It is expected that environmental conditions impact the distribution of galls on host plants. Moreover, insects may induce their galls randomly or choose certain parts of a host to induce such growths. This study aimed to determine whether or not the gall midge, Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), which induces galls on leaves of the European beech (Fagus sylvatica), prefers leaves facing a particular cardinal direction. In addition, we wanted to ascertain whether the galls are evenly spread across three leaf zones: proximal, median and distal, distinguished by dividing leaf area along the midrib. The results show that H. annulipes chose leaves facing various directions in different studied locations, and leaf choice is not restricted to the specific leaf area, a parameter that accurately reflects the light conditions of leaf growth. Moreover, the medial leaf zone was preferred, while the distal zone was avoided. The choice of the leaf zone modified the distance between the mid-rib and a gall. Gall distribution in the crown of trees is probably random, while at the leaf level, it is determined by leaf morphology. |
topic |
diptera cecidomyiidae hartigiola annulipes gall midge gall distribution leaf zones specific leaf area cardinal directions |
url |
https://www.eje.cz/artkey/eje-201801-0050_Does_Hartigiola_annulipes_Diptera_Cecidomyiidae_distribute_its_galls_randomly.php |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT sebastianpilichowski doeshartigiolaannulipesdipteracecidomyiidaedistributeitsgallsrandomly AT marianjgiertych doeshartigiolaannulipesdipteracecidomyiidaedistributeitsgallsrandomly |
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