Differential Structure of Inductive Proximity Sensor

• Main Authors: Yi-Xin Guo, Cong Lai, Zhi-Biao Shao, Kai-Liang Xu, Ting Li
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2019-05-01
• Series: Sensors
• Subjects: inductive proximity sensor; displacement measurements; differential structure; linear approximation method; look-up table; airborne electronic equipment; small electric current pulse
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/9/2210

The inductive proximity sensor (IPS) is applicable to displacement measurements in the aviation field due to its non-mechanical contact, safety, and durability. IPS can increase reliability of position detection and decrease maintenance cost of the system effectively in aircraft applications. Nevertheless, the specialty in the aviation field proposes many restrictions and requirements on the application of IPS, including the temperature drift effect of the resistance component of the IPS sensing coil. Moreover, reliability requirements of aircrafts restrict the use of computational-intensive algorithms and avoid the use of process control components. Furthermore, the environment of airborne electronic equipment restricts measurements driven by large current and proposes strict requirements on emission tests of radio frequency (RF) energy. For these reasons, a differential structured IPS measurement method is proposed in this paper. This measurement method inherits the numerical separation of the resistance and inductance components of the IPS sensing coil to improve the temperature adaptation of the IPS. The computational complexity is decreased by combining the dimension-reduced look-up table method to prevent the use of process control components. The proposed differential structured IPS is equipped with a differential structure of distant and nearby sensing coils to increase the detection accuracy. The small electric current pulse excitation decreases the RF energy emission. Verification results demonstrate that the differential structured IPS realizes the numerical decoupling calculation of the vector impedance of the sensing coil by using 61 look-up table units. The measuring sensitivity increased from 135.5 least significant bits (LSB)/0.10 mm of a single-sensing-coil structured IPS to 1201.4 LSB/0.10 mm, and the linear approximation distance error decreased from 99.376 μm to −3.240 μm. The proposed differential structured IPS method has evident comparative advantages compared with similar measuring techniques.