Spatial and Seasonal Dynamics of Water Environmental Capacity in Mountainous Rivers of the Southeastern Coast, China
The south-east littoral is one of the most populous and developed regions in China suffering from serious water pollution problems, and the Xian-Jiang Basin in the mid of this region is among the most polluted watersheds. Critical information is needed but lacking for improved pollution control and...
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doaj-cd6ddd70d38a4ac5a9f574a0093505822020-11-24T23:05:09ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health1660-46012018-01-011519910.3390/ijerph15010099ijerph15010099Spatial and Seasonal Dynamics of Water Environmental Capacity in Mountainous Rivers of the Southeastern Coast, ChinaQiankun Liu0Jingang Jiang1Changwei Jing2Jiaguo Qi3Ocean Colleage, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 310058, ChinaOcean Colleage, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 310058, ChinaSchool of Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaCenter for Global Change and Earth Observations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USAThe south-east littoral is one of the most populous and developed regions in China suffering from serious water pollution problems, and the Xian-Jiang Basin in the mid of this region is among the most polluted watersheds. Critical information is needed but lacking for improved pollution control and water quality assessment, among which water environmental capacity (WEC) is the most important variable but is difficult to calculate. In this study, a one-dimensional water quality model combined with a matrix calculation algorithm was first developed and calibrated with in-situ observations in the Xian-Jiang basin. Then, the model was applied to analyze the spatial and temporal patterns of WEC of the entire basin. The results indicated that, in 2015, the total pollutant discharges into the river reached 6719.68 t/yr, 488.12 t/yr, and 128.57 t/yr for COD, NH3-N and TP, respectively. The spatial pattern suggested a strong correlation between these water contaminants and industrial enterprises, residential areas, and land-use types in the basin. Furthermore, it was noticed that there was a significant seasonal pattern in WEC that the dry season pollution is much greater than that in the plum season, while that in the typhoon season appears to be the weakest among all seasons. The WEC differed significantly among the 24 sub-basins during the dry season but varied to a smaller extent in other seasons, suggesting differential complex spatial-temporal dependency of the WEC.http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/1/99water environmental capacityone-dimensional WEC modelpollution load distributionwater qualityWEC spatial and seasonal patterns |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Qiankun Liu Jingang Jiang Changwei Jing Jiaguo Qi |
spellingShingle |
Qiankun Liu Jingang Jiang Changwei Jing Jiaguo Qi Spatial and Seasonal Dynamics of Water Environmental Capacity in Mountainous Rivers of the Southeastern Coast, China International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health water environmental capacity one-dimensional WEC model pollution load distribution water quality WEC spatial and seasonal patterns |
author_facet |
Qiankun Liu Jingang Jiang Changwei Jing Jiaguo Qi |
author_sort |
Qiankun Liu |
title |
Spatial and Seasonal Dynamics of Water Environmental Capacity in Mountainous Rivers of the Southeastern Coast, China |
title_short |
Spatial and Seasonal Dynamics of Water Environmental Capacity in Mountainous Rivers of the Southeastern Coast, China |
title_full |
Spatial and Seasonal Dynamics of Water Environmental Capacity in Mountainous Rivers of the Southeastern Coast, China |
title_fullStr |
Spatial and Seasonal Dynamics of Water Environmental Capacity in Mountainous Rivers of the Southeastern Coast, China |
title_full_unstemmed |
Spatial and Seasonal Dynamics of Water Environmental Capacity in Mountainous Rivers of the Southeastern Coast, China |
title_sort |
spatial and seasonal dynamics of water environmental capacity in mountainous rivers of the southeastern coast, china |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
issn |
1660-4601 |
publishDate |
2018-01-01 |
description |
The south-east littoral is one of the most populous and developed regions in China suffering from serious water pollution problems, and the Xian-Jiang Basin in the mid of this region is among the most polluted watersheds. Critical information is needed but lacking for improved pollution control and water quality assessment, among which water environmental capacity (WEC) is the most important variable but is difficult to calculate. In this study, a one-dimensional water quality model combined with a matrix calculation algorithm was first developed and calibrated with in-situ observations in the Xian-Jiang basin. Then, the model was applied to analyze the spatial and temporal patterns of WEC of the entire basin. The results indicated that, in 2015, the total pollutant discharges into the river reached 6719.68 t/yr, 488.12 t/yr, and 128.57 t/yr for COD, NH3-N and TP, respectively. The spatial pattern suggested a strong correlation between these water contaminants and industrial enterprises, residential areas, and land-use types in the basin. Furthermore, it was noticed that there was a significant seasonal pattern in WEC that the dry season pollution is much greater than that in the plum season, while that in the typhoon season appears to be the weakest among all seasons. The WEC differed significantly among the 24 sub-basins during the dry season but varied to a smaller extent in other seasons, suggesting differential complex spatial-temporal dependency of the WEC. |
topic |
water environmental capacity one-dimensional WEC model pollution load distribution water quality WEC spatial and seasonal patterns |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/1/99 |
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