Los baptisterios de Egitania (Idanha-a-Velha, Portugal). Contexto arqueológico y cultural

• Main Authors: Tomas Cordero Ruiz, Catarina Tente, Pedro C. Carvalho, José Cristóvão, Patrícia Dias, Adolfo Fernández Fernández
• Format: Article
• Language: deu
• Published: Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi 2020-11-01
• Series: Munibe Antropologia-Arkeologia
• Subjects: arqueología cristiana; bautismo; piscinas bautismales; alta edad media; cristianismo primitivo; early christianity; christian archaeology; baptism; baptismal fonts; early medieval age
• Online Access: http://www.aranzadi.eus/fileadmin/docs/Munibe/maa.2020.71.08.pdf

En el ámbito del proyecto de investigación IGAEDIS (Da civitas Igaeditanorum à Egitânia. A construção e evolução da cidade e a definição dos seus territórios da Época Romana até à doação dos Templários - séculos I a XII) se han realizado diferentes actuaciones arqueológicas en la actual aldea histórica de Idanha-a-Velha (Portugal). Además, la revisión de anteriores intervenciones, complementadas con la realización de dataciones absolutas, han permitido atribuir una cronología más temprana de la asignada hasta ahora a los dos “baptisterios” documentados en el yacimiento. Esta nueva lectura nos lleva a plantear un renovado marco de reflexión y crítica histórica, tanto de estas construcciones - piscinas bautismales - como del contexto en el que se insertan. Un ejercicio presentado en este trabajo de manera diacrónica, con el objetivo de mejorar el conocimiento sobre la evolución histórica de este sitio arqueológico entre los siglos IV-VIII. _____________________________________________ ABSTRACT In the scope of the research project IGAEDIS (From the civitas Igaeditanorum to Egypt. The construction and evolution of the city and the definition of its territories from the Roman era until the donation of the Templars -1st to 12th centuries) several archaeological activities have been carried out in the historic village of Idanha-a-Velha (Portugal). The project, as also the aim to review the previous archaeological interventions, studying the stratigraphy, the correlated archaeological artefacts and promoting several radiocarbon and OSL analysis. In what the two “baptisteries” concerns, the research permitted to review the chronology of these structures, that are earlier than the several chronologies proposed until now. These results implied a new reflection about meaning of the both baptismal fonts and their historical and religious contexts. In this paper is presented and interpretation of the archaeological contexts of these structures and is discussed their meaning within the scope of the urban changes that occurred in Idanha-a-Velha between 4th to 7th centuries.