Investigation of the Evaporation Rate of Water from Colloidal Unimolecular Polymer (CUP) Systems by Isothermal TGA
Studies of the evaporation of aqueous nanoparticle solutions have been limited due to lack of homogeneity of the solution, difficulties in obtaining reproducible samples and stability of substrates, as well as the effect of other volatile components or contaminants such as surfactants. Colloidal uni...
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doaj-cd9ee3aa7dd14ecf945a06ff8e3e740f2020-11-25T04:00:26ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602020-11-01122752275210.3390/polym12112752Investigation of the Evaporation Rate of Water from Colloidal Unimolecular Polymer (CUP) Systems by Isothermal TGAPeng Geng0Ashish Zore1Michael R. Van De Mark2Department of Chemistry, Missouri S&T Coatings Institute, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USADepartment of Chemistry, Missouri S&T Coatings Institute, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USADepartment of Chemistry, Missouri S&T Coatings Institute, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USAStudies of the evaporation of aqueous nanoparticle solutions have been limited due to lack of homogeneity of the solution, difficulties in obtaining reproducible samples and stability of substrates, as well as the effect of other volatile components or contaminants such as surfactants. Colloidal unimolecular polymer (CUP) is a spheroidal nanoparticle with charged hydrophilic groups on the surface, and the particle size ranges from 3 to 9 nm. The large amount of surface water on the CUP surface provides the opportunity to evaluate the evaporation of surface water, which may contribute to the investigation the factors that affect the evaporation rate in solutions of ultra-small particles, like protein, micelle, colloidal, etc. Six CUP systems were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) with respect to time and solids content. The evaporation rate of water was initially enhanced due to the deformation of the air-water interface at low to moderate concentration due to particle charge repulsive forces. At higher concentrations, above 20%, surface charge condensation and increasing viscosity began to dominate. At higher concentration where the CUP reached the gel point the rate of diffusion controlled the evaporation. The final drying point was the loss of three waters of hydration for each carboxylate on the CUP surface.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/11/2752colloidal unimolecular polymer (CUP)nanoparticleevaporation ratethermogravimetric analyzer (TGA)counterion condensationdiffusion |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Peng Geng Ashish Zore Michael R. Van De Mark |
spellingShingle |
Peng Geng Ashish Zore Michael R. Van De Mark Investigation of the Evaporation Rate of Water from Colloidal Unimolecular Polymer (CUP) Systems by Isothermal TGA Polymers colloidal unimolecular polymer (CUP) nanoparticle evaporation rate thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) counterion condensation diffusion |
author_facet |
Peng Geng Ashish Zore Michael R. Van De Mark |
author_sort |
Peng Geng |
title |
Investigation of the Evaporation Rate of Water from Colloidal Unimolecular Polymer (CUP) Systems by Isothermal TGA |
title_short |
Investigation of the Evaporation Rate of Water from Colloidal Unimolecular Polymer (CUP) Systems by Isothermal TGA |
title_full |
Investigation of the Evaporation Rate of Water from Colloidal Unimolecular Polymer (CUP) Systems by Isothermal TGA |
title_fullStr |
Investigation of the Evaporation Rate of Water from Colloidal Unimolecular Polymer (CUP) Systems by Isothermal TGA |
title_full_unstemmed |
Investigation of the Evaporation Rate of Water from Colloidal Unimolecular Polymer (CUP) Systems by Isothermal TGA |
title_sort |
investigation of the evaporation rate of water from colloidal unimolecular polymer (cup) systems by isothermal tga |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Polymers |
issn |
2073-4360 |
publishDate |
2020-11-01 |
description |
Studies of the evaporation of aqueous nanoparticle solutions have been limited due to lack of homogeneity of the solution, difficulties in obtaining reproducible samples and stability of substrates, as well as the effect of other volatile components or contaminants such as surfactants. Colloidal unimolecular polymer (CUP) is a spheroidal nanoparticle with charged hydrophilic groups on the surface, and the particle size ranges from 3 to 9 nm. The large amount of surface water on the CUP surface provides the opportunity to evaluate the evaporation of surface water, which may contribute to the investigation the factors that affect the evaporation rate in solutions of ultra-small particles, like protein, micelle, colloidal, etc. Six CUP systems were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) with respect to time and solids content. The evaporation rate of water was initially enhanced due to the deformation of the air-water interface at low to moderate concentration due to particle charge repulsive forces. At higher concentrations, above 20%, surface charge condensation and increasing viscosity began to dominate. At higher concentration where the CUP reached the gel point the rate of diffusion controlled the evaporation. The final drying point was the loss of three waters of hydration for each carboxylate on the CUP surface. |
topic |
colloidal unimolecular polymer (CUP) nanoparticle evaporation rate thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) counterion condensation diffusion |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/11/2752 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT penggeng investigationoftheevaporationrateofwaterfromcolloidalunimolecularpolymercupsystemsbyisothermaltga AT ashishzore investigationoftheevaporationrateofwaterfromcolloidalunimolecularpolymercupsystemsbyisothermaltga AT michaelrvandemark investigationoftheevaporationrateofwaterfromcolloidalunimolecularpolymercupsystemsbyisothermaltga |
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