Effect of Vitamin D supplementation on vascular functions and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency

• Main Authors: Nishanthi Anandabaskar, Sandhiya Selvarajan, Steven Aibor Dkhar, Sadish Kumar Kamalanathan, Kadhiravan Tamilarasu, Zachariah Bobby
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2017-01-01
• Series: Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
• Subjects: Arterial stiffness; oxidative stress; type 2 diabetes mellitus; Vitamin D deficiency
• Online Access: http://www.ijem.in/article.asp?issn=2230-8210;year=2017;volume=21;issue=4;spage=555;epage=563;aulast=Anandabaskar

Background: Vitamin D levels are reported to have an inverse liaison with the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the effect of Vitamin D supplementation on changes in vascular functions and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency. Subjects and Methods: One hundred and three patients with type 2 diabetes attending endocrinology outpatients department in a tertiary care hospital were screened for Vitamin D deficiency. Patients with serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D levels <20 ng/ml were considered as deficient and were administered 60,000 IU of oral Vitamin D3 weekly for 8 weeks. In these patients, parameters of vascular functions (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, and arterial stiffness index) and oxidative stress (serum malondialdehyde levels and total antioxidant status) were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks of oral Vitamin D supplementation. Results: Among 103 patients with type 2 diabetes, 75 (72.82%) were found to have Vitamin D deficiency. Amidst these patients, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (991.6 ± 161.82 vs. 899.29 ± 151.86, P< 0.001), right brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (1446.16 ± 204.33 vs. 1350.8 ± 178.39, P< 0.001), and left brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (1493.81 ± 219.65 vs. 1367.61 ± 220.64, P< 0.001) showed a significant reduction following Vitamin D supplementation. Further, these patients were found to have significant fall in serum malondialdehyde levels with rise in total antioxidant status ensuing Vitamin D supplementation. Conclusion: The present study shows that oral Vitamin D supplementation of 60,000 IU/week for 8 weeks significantly improves vascular functions and reduces oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency.