To Go or Not to Go: Degrees of Dynamic Inhibitory Control Revealed by the Function of Grip Force and Early Electrophysiological Indices
A critical issue in executive control is how the nervous system exerts flexibility to inhibit a prepotent response and adapt to sudden changes in the environment. In this study, force measurement was used to capture “partial” unsuccessful trials that are highly relevant in extending the current unde...
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doaj-cede3f3ec13a40f39511bcaf7917f4882021-01-28T09:59:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612021-01-011510.3389/fnhum.2021.614978614978To Go or Not to Go: Degrees of Dynamic Inhibitory Control Revealed by the Function of Grip Force and Early Electrophysiological IndicesTrung Van Nguyen0Che-Yi Hsu1Satish Jaiswal2Satish Jaiswal3Neil G. Muggleton4Neil G. Muggleton5Neil G. Muggleton6Neil G. Muggleton7Wei-Kuang Liang8Wei-Kuang Liang9Chi-Hung Juan10Chi-Hung Juan11Chi-Hung Juan12Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli City, TaiwanInstitute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli City, TaiwanInstitute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli City, TaiwanDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United StatesInstitute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli City, TaiwanCognitive Intelligence and Precision Healthcare Center, National Central University, Jhongli City, TaiwanInstitute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United KingdomDepartment of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, United KingdomInstitute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli City, TaiwanDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United StatesInstitute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli City, TaiwanCognitive Intelligence and Precision Healthcare Center, National Central University, Jhongli City, TaiwanDepartment of Psychology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanA critical issue in executive control is how the nervous system exerts flexibility to inhibit a prepotent response and adapt to sudden changes in the environment. In this study, force measurement was used to capture “partial” unsuccessful trials that are highly relevant in extending the current understanding of motor inhibition processing. Moreover, a modified version of the stop-signal task was used to control and eliminate potential attentional capture effects from the motor inhibition index. The results illustrate that the non-canceled force and force rate increased as a function of stop-signal delay (SSD), offering new objective indices for gauging the dynamic inhibitory process. Motor response (time and force) was a function of delay in the presentation of novel/infrequent stimuli. A larger lateralized readiness potential (LRP) amplitude in go and novel stimuli indicated an influence of the novel stimuli on central motor processing. Moreover, an early N1 component reflects an index of motor inhibition in addition to the N2 component reported in previous studies. Source analysis revealed that the activation of N2 originated from inhibitory control associated areas: the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), pre-motor cortex, and primary motor cortex. Regarding partial responses, LRP and error-related negativity (ERNs) were associated with error correction processes, whereas the N2 component may indicate the functional overlap between inhibition and error correction. In sum, the present study has developed reliable and objective indices of motor inhibition by introducing force, force-rate and electrophysiological measures, further elucidating our understandings of dynamic motor inhibition and error correction.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2021.614978/fullinhibitory controlselective stop-signal taskforcepartial responseERMLRP |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Trung Van Nguyen Che-Yi Hsu Satish Jaiswal Satish Jaiswal Neil G. Muggleton Neil G. Muggleton Neil G. Muggleton Neil G. Muggleton Wei-Kuang Liang Wei-Kuang Liang Chi-Hung Juan Chi-Hung Juan Chi-Hung Juan |
spellingShingle |
Trung Van Nguyen Che-Yi Hsu Satish Jaiswal Satish Jaiswal Neil G. Muggleton Neil G. Muggleton Neil G. Muggleton Neil G. Muggleton Wei-Kuang Liang Wei-Kuang Liang Chi-Hung Juan Chi-Hung Juan Chi-Hung Juan To Go or Not to Go: Degrees of Dynamic Inhibitory Control Revealed by the Function of Grip Force and Early Electrophysiological Indices Frontiers in Human Neuroscience inhibitory control selective stop-signal task force partial response ERM LRP |
author_facet |
Trung Van Nguyen Che-Yi Hsu Satish Jaiswal Satish Jaiswal Neil G. Muggleton Neil G. Muggleton Neil G. Muggleton Neil G. Muggleton Wei-Kuang Liang Wei-Kuang Liang Chi-Hung Juan Chi-Hung Juan Chi-Hung Juan |
author_sort |
Trung Van Nguyen |
title |
To Go or Not to Go: Degrees of Dynamic Inhibitory Control Revealed by the Function of Grip Force and Early Electrophysiological Indices |
title_short |
To Go or Not to Go: Degrees of Dynamic Inhibitory Control Revealed by the Function of Grip Force and Early Electrophysiological Indices |
title_full |
To Go or Not to Go: Degrees of Dynamic Inhibitory Control Revealed by the Function of Grip Force and Early Electrophysiological Indices |
title_fullStr |
To Go or Not to Go: Degrees of Dynamic Inhibitory Control Revealed by the Function of Grip Force and Early Electrophysiological Indices |
title_full_unstemmed |
To Go or Not to Go: Degrees of Dynamic Inhibitory Control Revealed by the Function of Grip Force and Early Electrophysiological Indices |
title_sort |
to go or not to go: degrees of dynamic inhibitory control revealed by the function of grip force and early electrophysiological indices |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
issn |
1662-5161 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
A critical issue in executive control is how the nervous system exerts flexibility to inhibit a prepotent response and adapt to sudden changes in the environment. In this study, force measurement was used to capture “partial” unsuccessful trials that are highly relevant in extending the current understanding of motor inhibition processing. Moreover, a modified version of the stop-signal task was used to control and eliminate potential attentional capture effects from the motor inhibition index. The results illustrate that the non-canceled force and force rate increased as a function of stop-signal delay (SSD), offering new objective indices for gauging the dynamic inhibitory process. Motor response (time and force) was a function of delay in the presentation of novel/infrequent stimuli. A larger lateralized readiness potential (LRP) amplitude in go and novel stimuli indicated an influence of the novel stimuli on central motor processing. Moreover, an early N1 component reflects an index of motor inhibition in addition to the N2 component reported in previous studies. Source analysis revealed that the activation of N2 originated from inhibitory control associated areas: the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), pre-motor cortex, and primary motor cortex. Regarding partial responses, LRP and error-related negativity (ERNs) were associated with error correction processes, whereas the N2 component may indicate the functional overlap between inhibition and error correction. In sum, the present study has developed reliable and objective indices of motor inhibition by introducing force, force-rate and electrophysiological measures, further elucidating our understandings of dynamic motor inhibition and error correction. |
topic |
inhibitory control selective stop-signal task force partial response ERM LRP |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2021.614978/full |
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