Ear Findings and Hearing analysis in cleft palate patients in Nepal
Background: The orofacial cleft is the most common birth anomaly with a prevalence rate ranging from 1/1000 to 2.69/ 1000. The middle ear diseases are known to be associated with cleft palate, however, the prevalence and the magnitude of the condition is usually underestimated. Aims and Objective...
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Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara
2019-03-01
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doaj-cf6fed38cf994120b16b522fea177e312020-11-25T03:10:11ZengManipal College of Medical Sciences, PokharaAsian Journal of Medical Sciences2467-91002091-05762019-03-011025257https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v10i2.22762Ear Findings and Hearing analysis in cleft palate patients in NepalSanjeev ThakurBaleshwar Yadav 0Manish Agrawal 1Kailash Khaki Shrestha 2Raj Kumar Bedajit 3Lecturer, Department of Otolaryngology, Nobel Medical College, BiratnagarAssistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Birat Medical College, BiratnagarSupervisor and Program Coordinator, PHECT-NEPAL, Morang Branch, BiratnagarProfessor, Department of Otolaryngology, Nobel Medical College, Biratnagar, NepalBackground: The orofacial cleft is the most common birth anomaly with a prevalence rate ranging from 1/1000 to 2.69/ 1000. The middle ear diseases are known to be associated with cleft palate, however, the prevalence and the magnitude of the condition is usually underestimated. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to find out the various exisiting ear abnormalities, to assess the middle ear function and hearing status in patients with cleft palate and confirm the existence of these manifestations and their significance. Materials and Methods: All the patients with cleft palate with or without cleft lip over a one-year duration from January to December 2018 at the teaching hospital were include after informed consent. The patients with only cleft lip were excluded. General ENT examination and Otoscopy was performed. Tympanometry and Pure tone Audiometry was done (in those above 5 years). The degree of hearing loss was categorized using the WHO guidelines. Results: Out of a total of 56 patients, there were 30(53.6%) male and 26(46.4%) female. The age range was from 2years to 31 years. The mean age was 12.8 years. Maximum number of patients were in the 10-20 years age group 29(51.8%) followed by 22 (39.3%) in the less than 10 years age group. 53 (47.3%) of 112 ears examined had dull tympanic membrane, followed by retraction of tympanic membrane in 42 (37.5%) ears. Other findings were central perforation in 5 (4.5%), bulging tympanic membrane in 2 (1.8%) and atticoantral disease in 1 (0.9%) ear. 8 (7.1%) ears had normal findings. There was one case with right ear atresia (0.9%). In Tympanometry findings, the maximum number of ears, 51 (48.1%) had type B curve, followed by 33 (31.2%) ears with type As curve. 16 (15%) of ears had type C curve. 6 (5.7%) ears had type A curve. B type curve was found more common in less than 10 years age group. A chi Square test was performed and the findings had statistically significant association. (P value: 0.03 for Right ear tympanometry ; P value: 0.043 for left ear tympanometry). In Pure tone audiometry findings of 105 ears, 72 (68.6%) ears had mild conductive hearing loss. 10 (9.5%) ears had moderate conductive hearing loss, while 1 (1%) ear had mixed hearing loss. 22 (20.9%) ears had normal hearing level. Conclusion: This study assessed the common ear problems prevalent in cleft patients, along with the hearing loss. Since, ear disease were quite common in these patients, these patients should be evaluated regularly by an otolaryngologist to detect, treat and prevent such problems in these patients so that long term morbidity could be avoided. https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/AJMS/article/view/22762cholesteatomaotitis media with effusionmiddle ear effusionpure-tone audiomnetrytympanometry |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sanjeev Thakur Baleshwar Yadav Manish Agrawal Kailash Khaki Shrestha Raj Kumar Bedajit |
spellingShingle |
Sanjeev Thakur Baleshwar Yadav Manish Agrawal Kailash Khaki Shrestha Raj Kumar Bedajit Ear Findings and Hearing analysis in cleft palate patients in Nepal Asian Journal of Medical Sciences cholesteatoma otitis media with effusion middle ear effusion pure-tone audiomnetry tympanometry |
author_facet |
Sanjeev Thakur Baleshwar Yadav Manish Agrawal Kailash Khaki Shrestha Raj Kumar Bedajit |
author_sort |
Sanjeev Thakur |
title |
Ear Findings and Hearing analysis in cleft palate patients in Nepal |
title_short |
Ear Findings and Hearing analysis in cleft palate patients in Nepal |
title_full |
Ear Findings and Hearing analysis in cleft palate patients in Nepal |
title_fullStr |
Ear Findings and Hearing analysis in cleft palate patients in Nepal |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ear Findings and Hearing analysis in cleft palate patients in Nepal |
title_sort |
ear findings and hearing analysis in cleft palate patients in nepal |
publisher |
Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara |
series |
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences |
issn |
2467-9100 2091-0576 |
publishDate |
2019-03-01 |
description |
Background: The orofacial cleft is the most common birth anomaly with a prevalence rate ranging from 1/1000 to 2.69/ 1000. The middle ear diseases are known to be associated with cleft palate, however, the prevalence and the magnitude of the condition is usually underestimated.
Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to find out the various exisiting ear abnormalities, to assess the middle ear function and hearing status in patients with cleft palate and confirm the existence of these manifestations and their significance.
Materials and Methods: All the patients with cleft palate with or without cleft lip over a one-year duration from January to December 2018 at the teaching hospital were include after informed consent. The patients with only cleft lip were excluded. General ENT examination and Otoscopy was performed. Tympanometry and Pure tone Audiometry was done (in those above 5 years). The degree of hearing loss was categorized using the WHO guidelines.
Results: Out of a total of 56 patients, there were 30(53.6%) male and 26(46.4%) female. The age range was from 2years to 31 years. The mean age was 12.8 years. Maximum number of patients were in the 10-20 years age group 29(51.8%) followed by 22 (39.3%) in the less than 10 years age group. 53 (47.3%) of 112 ears examined had dull tympanic membrane, followed by retraction of tympanic membrane in 42 (37.5%) ears. Other findings were central perforation in 5 (4.5%), bulging tympanic membrane in 2 (1.8%) and atticoantral disease in 1 (0.9%) ear. 8 (7.1%) ears had normal findings. There was one case with right ear atresia (0.9%). In Tympanometry findings, the maximum number of ears, 51 (48.1%) had type B curve, followed by 33 (31.2%) ears with type As curve. 16 (15%) of ears had type C curve. 6 (5.7%) ears had type A curve. B type curve was found more common in less than 10 years age group. A chi Square test was performed and the findings had statistically significant association. (P value: 0.03 for Right ear tympanometry ; P value: 0.043 for left ear tympanometry). In Pure tone audiometry findings of 105 ears, 72 (68.6%) ears had mild conductive hearing loss. 10 (9.5%) ears had moderate conductive hearing loss, while 1 (1%) ear had mixed hearing loss. 22 (20.9%) ears had normal hearing level.
Conclusion: This study assessed the common ear problems prevalent in cleft patients, along with the hearing loss. Since, ear disease were quite common in these patients, these patients should be evaluated regularly by an otolaryngologist to detect, treat and prevent such problems in these patients so that long term morbidity could be avoided. |
topic |
cholesteatoma otitis media with effusion middle ear effusion pure-tone audiomnetry tympanometry |
url |
https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/AJMS/article/view/22762 |
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