Strength of the Association of Elevated Vitamin B12 and Solid Cancers: An Adjusted Case-Control Study
The association between elevated plasma vitamin B12 (B12) level and solid cancers has been documented by two national registries. However, their design did not allow for the adjustment for other conditions associated with elevated B12. The objectives of this study were to confirm this association af...
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doaj-cf79683e7c5a4c0ab4f2de25bf1791742020-11-25T03:32:40ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832020-02-019247410.3390/jcm9020474jcm9020474Strength of the Association of Elevated Vitamin B12 and Solid Cancers: An Adjusted Case-Control StudyGeoffrey Urbanski0Jean-François Hamel1Benoît Prouveur2Cédric Annweiler3Alaa Ghali4Julien Cassereau5Pierre Lozac’h6Christian Lavigne7Valentin Lacombe8Department of Internal Medicine, Angers University Hospital, 49933 Angers, FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and Methodology, Angers University Hospital, 49933 Angers, FranceDepartment of Internal Medicine, Angers University Hospital, 49933 Angers, FranceDepartment of Geriatric Medicine and Memory Clinic, Angers University Hospital, 49933 Angers, FranceDepartment of Internal Medicine, Angers University Hospital, 49933 Angers, FranceDepartment of Neurology, Angers University Hospital, 49933 Angers, FranceDepartment of Internal Medicine, Angers University Hospital, 49933 Angers, FranceDepartment of Internal Medicine, Angers University Hospital, 49933 Angers, FranceDepartment of Internal Medicine, Angers University Hospital, 49933 Angers, FranceThe association between elevated plasma vitamin B12 (B12) level and solid cancers has been documented by two national registries. However, their design did not allow for the adjustment for other conditions associated with elevated B12. The objectives of this study were to confirm this association after the adjustment for all causes of elevated B12, and to study the variations according to the increasing B12 level, the type of cancers, and the presence of metastases. We compared 785 patients with B12 ≥ 1000 ng/L with 785 controls matched for sex and age with B12 < 1000 ng/L. Analyses were adjusted for the causes of elevated B12: myeloid blood malignancies, acute or chronic liver diseases, chronic kidney failure, autoimmune or inflammatory diseases, and excessive B12 supplementation. A B12 ≥ 1000 ng/L was associated with the presence of solid cancer without metastases (OR 1.96 [95%CI: 1.18 to 3.25]) and with metastases (OR 4.21 [95%CI: 2.67 to 6.64]) after adjustment for all elevated B12-related causes. The strength of the association rose with the increasing B12 level, in particular in cases of metastases. No association between liver cancers and elevated B12 level was found after adjustment for chronic liver diseases. In conclusion, unexplained elevated B12 levels should be examined as a possible marker of solid cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/2/474vitamin b12neoplasmsneoplasm metastasiscase-control studybiomarkers |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Geoffrey Urbanski Jean-François Hamel Benoît Prouveur Cédric Annweiler Alaa Ghali Julien Cassereau Pierre Lozac’h Christian Lavigne Valentin Lacombe |
spellingShingle |
Geoffrey Urbanski Jean-François Hamel Benoît Prouveur Cédric Annweiler Alaa Ghali Julien Cassereau Pierre Lozac’h Christian Lavigne Valentin Lacombe Strength of the Association of Elevated Vitamin B12 and Solid Cancers: An Adjusted Case-Control Study Journal of Clinical Medicine vitamin b12 neoplasms neoplasm metastasis case-control study biomarkers |
author_facet |
Geoffrey Urbanski Jean-François Hamel Benoît Prouveur Cédric Annweiler Alaa Ghali Julien Cassereau Pierre Lozac’h Christian Lavigne Valentin Lacombe |
author_sort |
Geoffrey Urbanski |
title |
Strength of the Association of Elevated Vitamin B12 and Solid Cancers: An Adjusted Case-Control Study |
title_short |
Strength of the Association of Elevated Vitamin B12 and Solid Cancers: An Adjusted Case-Control Study |
title_full |
Strength of the Association of Elevated Vitamin B12 and Solid Cancers: An Adjusted Case-Control Study |
title_fullStr |
Strength of the Association of Elevated Vitamin B12 and Solid Cancers: An Adjusted Case-Control Study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Strength of the Association of Elevated Vitamin B12 and Solid Cancers: An Adjusted Case-Control Study |
title_sort |
strength of the association of elevated vitamin b12 and solid cancers: an adjusted case-control study |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Journal of Clinical Medicine |
issn |
2077-0383 |
publishDate |
2020-02-01 |
description |
The association between elevated plasma vitamin B12 (B12) level and solid cancers has been documented by two national registries. However, their design did not allow for the adjustment for other conditions associated with elevated B12. The objectives of this study were to confirm this association after the adjustment for all causes of elevated B12, and to study the variations according to the increasing B12 level, the type of cancers, and the presence of metastases. We compared 785 patients with B12 ≥ 1000 ng/L with 785 controls matched for sex and age with B12 < 1000 ng/L. Analyses were adjusted for the causes of elevated B12: myeloid blood malignancies, acute or chronic liver diseases, chronic kidney failure, autoimmune or inflammatory diseases, and excessive B12 supplementation. A B12 ≥ 1000 ng/L was associated with the presence of solid cancer without metastases (OR 1.96 [95%CI: 1.18 to 3.25]) and with metastases (OR 4.21 [95%CI: 2.67 to 6.64]) after adjustment for all elevated B12-related causes. The strength of the association rose with the increasing B12 level, in particular in cases of metastases. No association between liver cancers and elevated B12 level was found after adjustment for chronic liver diseases. In conclusion, unexplained elevated B12 levels should be examined as a possible marker of solid cancer. |
topic |
vitamin b12 neoplasms neoplasm metastasis case-control study biomarkers |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/2/474 |
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