Heat kernel methods for Lifshitz theories

• Main Authors: Andrei O. Barvinsky, Diego Blas, Mario Herrero-Valea, Dmitry V. Nesterov, Guillem Pérez-Nadal, Christian F. Steinwachs
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: SpringerOpen 2017-06-01
• Series: Journal of High Energy Physics
• Subjects: Renormalization Group; Field Theories in Higher Dimensions; Classical Theories of Gravity; Effective Field Theories
• Online Access: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP06(2017)063

Abstract We study the one-loop covariant effective action of Lifshitz theories using the heat kernel technique. The characteristic feature of Lifshitz theories is an anisotropic scaling between space and time. This is enforced by the existence of a preferred foliation of space-time, which breaks Lorentz invariance. In contrast to the relativistic case, covariant Lifshitz theories are only invariant under diffeomorphisms preserving the foliation structure. We develop a systematic method to reduce the calculation of the effective action for a generic Lifshitz operator to an algorithm acting on known results for relativistic operators. In addition, we present techniques that drastically simplify the calculation for operators with special properties. We demonstrate the efficiency of these methods by explicit applications.