Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Abstract Background Heart failure (HF) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Multiple trials over the past several years have examined the effects of both angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in the treatment of left ventricul...
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doaj-d02ac99e0d2041fa9c115c0872e054e92020-11-25T03:49:34ZengBMCBMC Cardiovascular Disorders1471-22612017-10-0117111210.1186/s12872-017-0686-zEffect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsChenhui Tai0Tianyi Gan1Liling Zou2Yuxi Sun3Yi Zhang4Wei Chen5Jue Li6Jian Zhang7Yawei Xu8Huihe Lu9Dachun Xu10Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure Center Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeInstitute of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, Tongji University School of MedicineDepartment of Cardiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineDepartment of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineInstitute of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, Tongji University School of MedicineState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure Center Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeDepartment of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineDepartment of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityDepartment of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineAbstract Background Heart failure (HF) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Multiple trials over the past several years have examined the effects of both angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in the treatment of left ventricular dysfunction, both acutely after myocardial infarction and in chronic heart failure. Yet, there is still confusion regarding the relative efficacy of rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibition. Our study was conducted to assess efficacy of ACEIs and ARBs in reducing all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in heart failure patients. Methods We included randomized clinical trials compared ACEIs and ARBs treatment (any dose or type) with placebo treatment, no treatment, or other anti-HF drugs treatment, reporting cardiovascular or total mortality with an observation period of at least 12 months. Data sources included Pubmed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Dichotomous outcome data from individual trials were analyzed using the risk ratio measure and its 95%CI with random-effects/ fixed-effects models. We performed meta-regression analyses to identify sources of heterogeneity. All-cause mortality and CV mortality were thought to be the main outcomes. Results A total of 47,662 subjects were included with a mean/median follow-up ranged from 12 weeks to 4.5 years. Of all 38 studies, 32 compared ACEIs with control therapy (included 13 arms that compared ACEIs with placebo, 10 arms in which the comparator was active treatment and 9 arms that compared ACEIs with ARBs), and six studies compared ARBs with placebo. ACEIs treatment in patients with HF reduced all-cause mortality to 11% (risk ratio (RR): 0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83–0.96, p = 0.001) and the corresponding value for cardiovascular mortality was 14% (RR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78–0.94, p = 0.001). However, ARBs had no beneficial effect on reducing all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. In head-to-head analysis, ACEIs was not superior to ARBs for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular deaths. Conclusions In HF patients, ACEIs, but not ARBs reduced all-cause mortality and cardiovascular deaths. Thus, ACEIs should be considered as first-line therapy to limit excess mortality and morbidity in this population.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12872-017-0686-zHeart failureACEIsARBsMeta-analysisMortality |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Chenhui Tai Tianyi Gan Liling Zou Yuxi Sun Yi Zhang Wei Chen Jue Li Jian Zhang Yawei Xu Huihe Lu Dachun Xu |
spellingShingle |
Chenhui Tai Tianyi Gan Liling Zou Yuxi Sun Yi Zhang Wei Chen Jue Li Jian Zhang Yawei Xu Huihe Lu Dachun Xu Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Heart failure ACEIs ARBs Meta-analysis Mortality |
author_facet |
Chenhui Tai Tianyi Gan Liling Zou Yuxi Sun Yi Zhang Wei Chen Jue Li Jian Zhang Yawei Xu Huihe Lu Dachun Xu |
author_sort |
Chenhui Tai |
title |
Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
title_short |
Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
title_full |
Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
title_fullStr |
Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
title_sort |
effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin ii receptor blockers on cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders |
issn |
1471-2261 |
publishDate |
2017-10-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Heart failure (HF) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Multiple trials over the past several years have examined the effects of both angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in the treatment of left ventricular dysfunction, both acutely after myocardial infarction and in chronic heart failure. Yet, there is still confusion regarding the relative efficacy of rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibition. Our study was conducted to assess efficacy of ACEIs and ARBs in reducing all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in heart failure patients. Methods We included randomized clinical trials compared ACEIs and ARBs treatment (any dose or type) with placebo treatment, no treatment, or other anti-HF drugs treatment, reporting cardiovascular or total mortality with an observation period of at least 12 months. Data sources included Pubmed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Dichotomous outcome data from individual trials were analyzed using the risk ratio measure and its 95%CI with random-effects/ fixed-effects models. We performed meta-regression analyses to identify sources of heterogeneity. All-cause mortality and CV mortality were thought to be the main outcomes. Results A total of 47,662 subjects were included with a mean/median follow-up ranged from 12 weeks to 4.5 years. Of all 38 studies, 32 compared ACEIs with control therapy (included 13 arms that compared ACEIs with placebo, 10 arms in which the comparator was active treatment and 9 arms that compared ACEIs with ARBs), and six studies compared ARBs with placebo. ACEIs treatment in patients with HF reduced all-cause mortality to 11% (risk ratio (RR): 0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83–0.96, p = 0.001) and the corresponding value for cardiovascular mortality was 14% (RR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78–0.94, p = 0.001). However, ARBs had no beneficial effect on reducing all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. In head-to-head analysis, ACEIs was not superior to ARBs for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular deaths. Conclusions In HF patients, ACEIs, but not ARBs reduced all-cause mortality and cardiovascular deaths. Thus, ACEIs should be considered as first-line therapy to limit excess mortality and morbidity in this population. |
topic |
Heart failure ACEIs ARBs Meta-analysis Mortality |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12872-017-0686-z |
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